{"id":24465,"date":"2021-10-19T13:33:42","date_gmt":"2021-10-19T13:33:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.agroland.ro\/?p=24465"},"modified":"2022-10-02T12:18:00","modified_gmt":"2022-10-02T09:18:00","slug":"taierile-la-pomii-fructiferi-reguli-generale","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/taierile-la-pomii-fructiferi-reguli-generale\/","title":{"rendered":"T\u0103ierile la pomii fructiferi, reguli generale"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">T\u0103ierile pomilor fructiferi din livad\u0103 vor avea loc \u00een fiecare an la finalul iernii. Finalul iernii este cel mai potrivit cur\u0103\u021b\u0103rii pomilor fructiferi pentru c\u0103 atunci pomul are cel mai pu\u021bin de suferit. Se afl\u0103 \u00een perioad\u0103 vegetativ\u0103, seva nu circul\u0103 prin ramuri, deci r\u0103nile vor fi mai u\u0219or de suportat. Scopul t\u0103ierilor este acela de a \u00eendep\u0103rta ramurile afectate, de a forma coroana \u00eenc\u00e2t s\u0103 permit\u0103 pomului fructificarea, \u0219i de a \u00eendep\u0103rta l\u0103starii lacomi care-i iau din vigoare.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/TAIERI-POMI-REGULI-GENERALE.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-medium wp-image-24468\" src=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/TAIERI-POMI-REGULI-GENERALE-300x253.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"253\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/TAIERI-POMI-REGULI-GENERALE-300x253.png 300w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/TAIERI-POMI-REGULI-GENERALE-500x421.png 500w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/10\/TAIERI-POMI-REGULI-GENERALE.png 762w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">T\u0103ierile pomilor din gr\u0103din\u0103 difer\u0103 de cele din culturile intensive<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">T\u0103ierile pomilor fructiferi \u00een planta\u021biile pomicole sunt realizate \u00een a\u0219a fel \u00eenc\u00e2t s\u0103 favorizeze fructificarea, chiar dac\u0103 pomul va \u00eemb\u0103tr\u00e2ni mult mai repede dec\u00e2t un pom din gr\u0103din\u0103. \u00cen gr\u0103dina proprie se va p\u0103stra forma natural\u0103 a pomului fructifer, iar t\u0103ierile se vor efectua doar \u00een momentul \u00een care pomul ajunge la maturitate. \u00cen cazul unor pomi fructiferi, cum este nucul, t\u0103ierile au loc doar pentru a \u00eendep\u0103rta ramurile de schelet sau semischelet uscate, r\u0103nite, sau afectate grav de o boal\u0103.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Prin t\u0103iere se rezolv\u0103 cele mai multe dintre problemele pomului fructifer:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">se poate \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bi vigoarea pomului<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">se pot controla calitatea \u0219i cantitatea rodului<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">pomii b\u0103tr\u00e2ni se \u00eentineresc, se \u00eencurajeaz\u0103 formarea ramurilor de rod (\u021bepu\u0219e, smicele, nuielu\u0219e \u0219i ml\u0103di\u021be)<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">ramurile r\u0103nite trebuie eliminate prin t\u0103iere c\u00e2t mai repede, pentru c\u0103 rana permite instalarea agen\u021bilor patogeni<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">se elimin\u0103 l\u0103starii lacomi, ramurile de semischelet cu cre\u0219tere vertical\u0103, care cresc pe axa principal\u0103, sau pe ramurile schelet. Ace\u0219tia nu sunt productivi, \u00eencarc\u0103 inutil coroana, men\u021bin umezeala \u0219i favorizeaz\u0103 apari\u021bia d\u0103un\u0103torilor\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">T\u0103ierile din primul an al pomului fructifer<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">\u00centotdeauna \u00een gr\u0103din\u0103 se vor planta pomi fructiferi \u00een func\u021bie de spa\u021biu disponibil. Dac\u0103 este loc suficient se vor alege soiurile viguroase. Se p\u0103streaz\u0103 forma natural\u0103 a pomului, \u0219i nu se intervine dec\u00e2t punctual pentru t\u0103ierea ramurilor. Sunt c\u00e2teva reguli de baz\u0103, de care se \u021bine cont pentru orice t\u0103iere:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">T\u0103ierile severe \u00eenseamn\u0103 stimularea intens\u0103 a form\u0103rii ramurilor<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Forma coroanei se stabile\u0219te prin t\u0103ierile de prim\u0103var\u0103. O ramur\u0103 de schelet sau semischelet se va t\u0103ia cu mugurele terminal spre exterior, pentru a determina cre\u0219terea ramurilor \u00een aceea\u0219i direc\u021bie<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Axul principal se men\u021bine vertical, cresc\u00e2nd c\u00e2te pu\u021bin \u00een fiecare an<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Se elimin\u0103 ramurile formate pe axul principal\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Dup\u0103 maturizare, se poate scurta axul principal, pentru a evita cre\u0219terea prea mult \u00een \u00een\u0103l\u021bime a pomului, \u0219i recoltarea dificil\u0103\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ramurile de la baza pomului se vor elimina<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ramurile de la baza scheletului, orientate \u00een jos, cu vigoare mic\u0103 se elimin\u0103<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Crengile care se elimin\u0103 complet se vor t\u0103ia de la punctul de cre\u0219tere. \u00cendep\u0103rtarea se va face cu tot cu cutele scoar\u021bei, dar f\u0103r\u0103 a r\u0103ni inelul, pentru c\u0103 din zona inelului va \u00eencepe vindecarea scoar\u021bei. Ramurile groase se taie cu fier\u0103str\u0103ul, cel mai bine cu motofer\u0103str\u0103ul, pentru o t\u0103iere u\u0219oar\u0103 \u0219i precis\u0103. Dup\u0103 t\u0103iere suprafa\u021ba se neteze\u0219te.\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n<p>Bibliografie: Pomi fructiferi &#8211; lucr\u0103ri de \u00eenfiin\u021bare \u0219i \u00eentre\u021binere a planta\u021biilor\/ Adrian Chira, Lenu\u021ba Chira, Fl. Mateescu; Lucr\u0103ri de t\u0103iere de la A la Z\/ Czaka Sarolta, Vallo Laszlo; T\u0103ierile de formare \u0219i \u00eentre\u021binere pentru pomi \u0219i arbu\u0219ti fructiferi \u0219i ornamentali\/ Jean-Yves Prat\/ Denis Retournard; 12 luni \u00een gr\u0103din\u0103\/ Karl Ploberger.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:18px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/ghiduri-pomi-fructiferi\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"379\" src=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Ghidurile-Agroland-ingrijirea-pomilor-fructiferi-9.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-29488\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Ghidurile-Agroland-ingrijirea-pomilor-fructiferi-9.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Ghidurile-Agroland-ingrijirea-pomilor-fructiferi-9-300x111.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Ghidurile-Agroland-ingrijirea-pomilor-fructiferi-9-768x284.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Ghidurile-Agroland-ingrijirea-pomilor-fructiferi-9-1000x370.jpeg 1000w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Ghidurile-Agroland-ingrijirea-pomilor-fructiferi-9-500x185.jpeg 500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>T\u0103ierile pomilor fructiferi din livad\u0103 vor avea loc \u00een fiecare an la finalul iernii. Finalul iernii este cel mai potrivit cur\u0103\u021b\u0103rii pomilor fructiferi pentru c\u0103 atunci pomul are cel mai pu\u021bin de suferit. Se afl\u0103 \u00een perioad\u0103 vegetativ\u0103, seva nu circul\u0103 prin ramuri, deci r\u0103nile vor fi mai u\u0219or de suportat. Scopul t\u0103ierilor este acela&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/taierile-la-pomii-fructiferi-reguli-generale\/\">Continu\u0103 lectura <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">T\u0103ierile la pomii fructiferi, reguli generale<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":24467,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[39,103,63,1454],"tags":[1527,1528,1529,1530],"class_list":["post-24465","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","category-gradina-livada","category-ingrijirea-plantelor","category-pomi-fructiferi","tag-curatarea-pomilor-fructiferi","tag-lucrpri-de-primavara","tag-primavara-in-gradina","tag-toaletarea-pomilor-fructiferi","entry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24465","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=24465"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24465\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":32057,"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24465\/revisions\/32057"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/24467"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=24465"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=24465"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=24465"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}