{"id":24665,"date":"2021-11-01T13:54:36","date_gmt":"2021-11-01T13:54:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.agroland.ro\/?p=24665"},"modified":"2022-10-02T12:31:07","modified_gmt":"2022-10-02T09:31:07","slug":"lucrari-de-taiere-si-curatare-caracteristice-caisului","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/lucrari-de-taiere-si-curatare-caracteristice-caisului\/","title":{"rendered":"Lucr\u0103ri de t\u0103iere \u0219i cur\u0103\u021bare caracteristice caisului"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/111-cais\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Caisul<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> este un pom fructifer care cre\u0219te repede \u00een primii ani dup\u0103 plantare, \u0219i ajunge la \u00een\u0103l\u021bimea de aproximativ 4-6 m. Dup\u0103 4 ani, c\u00e2nd intr\u0103 pe rod, cre\u0219terea se atenueaz\u0103, iar dup\u0103 8 ani coroana nu se mai extinde. \u00cen livezile familiale se p\u0103streaz\u0103 forma natural\u0103 a coroanei, care este r\u0103sfirat\u0103 la \u00eenceput \u0219i globuloas\u0103 la maturitate. Pomii cu forma coroanei natural\u0103 intr\u0103 pe rod repede, dar se \u0219i epuizeaz\u0103 repede. Din acest motiv se recomand\u0103 t\u0103ierile care s\u0103 favorizeze rodul.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ramuri de rod la cais&nbsp;<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Caisul rode\u0219te pe buchete \u0219i pe ramurile mijlocii, \u00een primul r\u00e2nd acestea sunt ramurile care trebuie identificate pentru realizarea t\u0103ierilor.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Spinul are 5-8 cm, ascu\u021bit \u00een v\u00e2rf, cu grupuri de muguri floriferi sau vegetativi dispu\u0219i lateral. \u00cen anul urm\u0103tor va da na\u0219tere l\u0103starilor laterali scur\u021bi \u0219i fructelor.&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Buchetul ramificat, se formeaz\u0103 \u00een primul an cu mugure vegetativ \u00een v\u00e2rf, \u0219i al\u021bi 3-5 muguri de jur \u00eemprejur. \u00cen anul urm\u0103tor cre\u0219te prin to\u021bi mugurii. \u00cen toamna celui de-al doilea an va avea dou\u0103 ramifica\u021bii laterale, de aceea se nume\u0219te buchet ramificat.&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ramura mijlocie ramificat\u0103 are 10 cm. \u00cen primul an are \u00een v\u00e2rf un mugure vegetativ, \u00een lateral muguri solitari floriferi \u0219i vegetativi. Anul urm\u0103tor se ramific\u0103 prin l\u0103stari de 10 cm.&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ramura lung\u0103 are aproximativ 80 cm, \u0219i ia na\u0219tere din mugurii terminali ai ramurilor de schelet. Are pe ea grupuri de muguri. Fiecare grup este format dintr-un mugure vegetativ \u0219i restul floriferi.<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ramurile anticipate se formeaz\u0103 \u00een acela\u0219i an \u00een care se formeaz\u0103 \u0219i ramura mam\u0103. Se formeaz\u0103 la articula\u021bia cu frunzele l\u0103starului, iar p\u00e2n\u0103 toamna se transform\u0103 \u00een muguri floriferi.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">T\u0103ierea de fructificare la cais<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">?<\/span><b>Important: <\/b><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">La cais t\u0103ierea se face obligatoriu \u00een zona inelului de cre\u0219tere, cu instrumente care taie u\u0219or \u0219i precis, cum ar fi <\/span><a href=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/gradina-si-livada\/3521-foarfeca-pentru-crengi-zs02.html\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">foarfecele pentru crengi sub\u021biri<\/span><\/a><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"> sau <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/gradina-si-livada\/1956-foarfeca-ramuri-groase-contracutit.html\">foarfeci pentru ramuri groase<\/a>. <\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">R\u0103nile cu diametrul mai mare de 3 cm se ung ori cu vopsea pe baz\u0103 de ulei, ori cu mastic.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Caisul rode\u0219te aproape de fiecare dat\u0103 pe ramurile tinere, mai precis pe ramurile mijlocii \u0219i pe buchetele ramificate. Este important s\u0103 se formeze un schelete puternic, pentru ca acesta s\u0103 sus\u021bin\u0103 f\u0103r\u0103 probleme ramurile de rod.&nbsp;<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Formarea coroanei:<\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Se elimin\u0103 toate ramurile care concureaz\u0103 ramurile principale<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Se elimin\u0103 toate ramurile care \u00eencarc\u0103 prea mult coroana<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Se elimin\u0103 toate ramurile uscate, dar \u0219i cele care se intersecteaz\u0103, \u0219i obtureaz\u0103 p\u0103trunderea luminii \u0219i a aerului<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">T\u0103ierile la pomii care au ajuns la maturitate:<\/span><\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Se r\u0103resc ramurile mijlocii de rod \u00een a\u0219a fel \u00eenc\u00e2t s\u0103 fie la distan\u021b\u0103 de minim 12 cm una de cealalt\u0103.&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Se scurteaz\u0103 cu 15 cm ramurile mijlocii, dar \u0219i&nbsp; cele tinere, dac\u0103 au trecut de 80 de cm \u00een lungime<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">La pomii care rodesc pe buchete, ramurile mijlocii se scurteaz\u0103 p\u00e2n\u0103 la 45 cm.&nbsp;<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">T\u0103ierile la cais dup\u0103 3-4 ani de rod<\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pomi care rodesc pe ramuri:<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Se scurteaz\u0103 \u2153 ramurile de semischelet mai mari de 5 ani<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Se elimin\u0103 \u2153 din ramurile de semischelet mai mari de 4 ani<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Se men\u021bin ramurile bine garnisite \u0219i viguroase<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ramurile mijlocii \u0219i buchetele se r\u0103resc \u00een a\u0219a fel \u00eenc\u00e2t s\u0103 r\u0103m\u00e2n\u0103 12 cm distan\u021b\u0103 \u00eentre ele<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Pomii care rodesc pe buchete:<\/span><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><br><\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Se elimin\u0103 \u2155 din ramurile de semischelet mai mari de 5-6 ani<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Buchetele se r\u0103resc, l\u0103s\u00e2ndu-se spa\u021biu de minim 10 cm distan\u021b\u0103<\/span><\/li>\n<li style=\"font-weight: 400;\"><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ramurile care au doar 35 cm lungime se r\u0103resc, p\u0103str\u00e2nd o distan\u021b\u0103 de 15 cm<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n<p>Bibliografie: Pomi fructiferi &#8211; lucr\u0103ri de \u00eenfiin\u021bare \u0219i \u00eentre\u021binere a planta\u021biilor\/ Adrian Chira, Lenu\u021ba Chira, Fl. Mateescu; Lucr\u0103ri de t\u0103iere de la A la Z\/ Czaka Sarolta, Vallo Laszlo; T\u0103ierile de formare \u0219i \u00eentre\u021binere pentru pomi \u0219i arbu\u0219ti fructiferi \u0219i ornamentali\/ Jean-Yves Prat\/ Denis Retournard; 12 luni \u00een gr\u0103din\u0103\/ Karl Ploberger.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:18px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/ghiduri-pomi-fructiferi\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"379\" src=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Ghidurile-Agroland-ingrijirea-pomilor-fructiferi-5.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-29480\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Ghidurile-Agroland-ingrijirea-pomilor-fructiferi-5.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Ghidurile-Agroland-ingrijirea-pomilor-fructiferi-5-300x111.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Ghidurile-Agroland-ingrijirea-pomilor-fructiferi-5-768x284.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Ghidurile-Agroland-ingrijirea-pomilor-fructiferi-5-1000x370.jpeg 1000w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/03\/Ghidurile-Agroland-ingrijirea-pomilor-fructiferi-5-500x185.jpeg 500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Caisul este un pom fructifer care cre\u0219te repede \u00een primii ani dup\u0103 plantare, \u0219i ajunge la \u00een\u0103l\u021bimea de aproximativ 4-6 m. Dup\u0103 4 ani, c\u00e2nd intr\u0103 pe rod, cre\u0219terea se atenueaz\u0103, iar dup\u0103 8 ani coroana nu se mai extinde. \u00cen livezile familiale se p\u0103streaz\u0103 forma natural\u0103 a coroanei, care este r\u0103sfirat\u0103 la \u00eenceput \u0219i&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/lucrari-de-taiere-si-curatare-caracteristice-caisului\/\">Continu\u0103 lectura <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Lucr\u0103ri de t\u0103iere \u0219i cur\u0103\u021bare caracteristice caisului<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":24666,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[39,103,63,1454],"tags":[1541,1542,125,1543,1544],"class_list":["post-24665","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","category-gradina-livada","category-ingrijirea-plantelor","category-pomi-fructiferi","tag-cais-in-gradina","tag-ingrijirea-caisului","tag-lucrari-in-livada","tag-taieri-de-fructificare-la-cais","tag-tiieri-la-pomii-fructiferi","entry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24665","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=24665"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24665\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":32067,"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/24665\/revisions\/32067"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/24666"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=24665"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=24665"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=24665"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}