{"id":34090,"date":"2023-05-08T19:21:57","date_gmt":"2023-05-08T16:21:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/?p=34090"},"modified":"2024-01-23T20:45:12","modified_gmt":"2024-01-23T18:45:12","slug":"monilioza-boala-care-poate-face-ravagii-in-livada-de-samburoase","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/monilioza-boala-care-poate-face-ravagii-in-livada-de-samburoase\/","title":{"rendered":"Monilioza &#8211; boala care poate face ravagii \u00een livada de s\u00e2mburoase\u00a0"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Monilioza, sau Putregaiul brun, este o boal\u0103 care poate afecta pomii fructiferi din categoria s\u00e2mburoaselor sau semin\u021boaselor. Se \u00eent\u00e2lne\u0219te foarte des \u00een cazul s\u00e2mburoaselor, mai ales \u00een livada cu pruni. Principalul efect nociv al Moniliozei este mumifierea fructelor. Poate afecta grav produc\u021bia de fructe, dar este o boal\u0103 care poate fi at\u00e2t tratat\u0103, dar mai ales prevenit\u0103. Noi \u00ee\u021bi spunem cum se manifest\u0103 aceasta \u0219i care sunt cele mai bune tratamente \u0219i solu\u021bii pentru livada ta.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Monilioza-4-1024x576.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-34094\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Monilioza-4-1024x576.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Monilioza-4-300x169.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Monilioza-4-768x432.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Monilioza-4-1536x864.jpeg 1536w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Monilioza-4-1568x882.jpeg 1568w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Monilioza-4-1778x1000.jpeg 1778w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Monilioza-4-1000x563.jpeg 1000w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Monilioza-4-500x281.jpeg 500w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/Monilioza-4.jpeg 2016w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>Spuneam c\u0103 Putregaiul brun poate afecta s\u00e2mburoasele, dar atac\u0103 \u0219i semin\u021boasele. Cele mai afectate culturi sunt cele de prun, cire\u0219, cais, dar \u0219i m\u0103r. Mai jos descriem detaliat caracteristicile bolii \u00een pentru fiecare specie \u0219i recomandarea Specialistului Agroland. G\u0103se\u0219ti solu\u021biile salvatoare pentru culturile tale \u00een cele <a href=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/magazine-fitofarmacii\/\">27 fitofarmacii deschise \u00een magazinele Mega Agroland<\/a> din toat\u0103 \u021bara.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table aligncenter\"><table><tbody><tr><td><a href=\"#simptome\">?Simptomele bolii<\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"#raspandire\">?R\u0103sp\u00e2ndirea infec\u021biei<\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"#tratament\">?Tratamentul s\u00e2mburoaselor<\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"#complementare\">?Tratamente complementare<\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"#semintoase\">?Putregaiul brun la semin\u021boase<\/a><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Molinioza s\u00e2mburoaselor<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Boala se mai nume\u0219te popular \u0219i Putregaiul brun sau mumifierea fructelor de s\u00e2mburoase, pentru c\u0103 exact acest lucru face, distruge fructele d\u00e2ndu-le aspectul stafidit \u0219i stricat. Este cu siguran\u021b\u0103 una dintre cele mai grave boli ale s\u00e2mburoaselor pentru c\u0103 \u00een timp poate cauza uscarea pomului cu totul. Prunii au adesea de suferit din cauza Moliniozei, continu\u00e2nd cu cire\u0219ii, cai\u0219ii \u0219i piersicii.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Vina o poart\u0103 ciuperca Monilia laxa, care atac\u0103 \u00een special fructele r\u0103nite sau care deja sunt afectate de alte boli. \u0218i fructele care sunt afectate de umezeal\u0103 o perioad\u0103 mai lung\u0103 pot suferi din cauza acestei ciuperci. Dar boala poate fi diagnosticat\u0103 \u00eenc\u0103 de la apari\u021bia florilor. Atac\u0103 florile de pe v\u00e2rful ramurilor, care se ofilesc, se \u00eennegresc, se usuc\u0103, dar nu cad.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/monilioza-2-1024x576.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-34092\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/monilioza-2-1024x576.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/monilioza-2-300x169.jpeg 300w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/monilioza-2-768x432.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/monilioza-2-1536x864.jpeg 1536w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/monilioza-2-1568x882.jpeg 1568w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/monilioza-2-1778x1000.jpeg 1778w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/monilioza-2-1000x563.jpeg 1000w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/monilioza-2-500x281.jpeg 500w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/monilioza-2.jpeg 2016w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>Ulterior \u0219i frunzele tinere au de suferit, pentru c\u0103 se usuc\u0103, devin brune la culoare \u0219i se r\u0103sucesc. Se observ\u0103 efectul Moliniozei \u0219i \u00een fotografia de mai jos. Boala continu\u0103 ulterior s\u0103 atace ramurile din v\u00e2rful pomului fructifer, care se usuc\u0103 \u0219i at\u00e2rn\u0103.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cel mai evident efect al bolii este vizibil pe suprafa\u021ba fructelor. Acestea se zb\u00e2rcesc, au aspect mumificat, iar pe suprafa\u021ba lor apare Putregaiul brun. Spre deosebire de flori, fructele atacate se desprinde de ramuri \u0219i cad. \u00cen ramurile pomului fructifer, mai ales \u00een cazul prunului, se vor observa mai multe fructe uscate, atacate de boal\u0103, prinse laolalt\u0103 din cauza sucului dulce scurs din pulpa lor.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table aligncenter\"><table><tbody><tr><td><h3 id=\"simptome\">Simptomele bolii<\/h3><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Apari\u021bia unor pete maronii sau negre pe suprafa\u021ba fructelor, care se extind \u0219i p\u0103trund \u00een interiorul fructului.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Fructele afectate devin moi, c\u0103p\u0103t\u00e2nd o textur\u0103 apoas\u0103 \u0219i putrezind.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u00cen cazul unor infec\u021bii severe, fructele se pot usca \u0219i c\u0103dea de pe pom.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Florile de pe v\u00e2rful ramurilor se \u00eennegresc, dar nu pic\u0103<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Frunzele \u0219i ramurile pot fi afectate, prezent\u00e2nd pete maronii \u0219i r\u0103ni care favorizeaz\u0103 r\u0103sp\u00e2ndirea ciupercii.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"raspandire\">Epidemia creat\u0103 de Putregaiul brun<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Ciuperca Monilia laxa se transmite, de la un an la altul, prin conidii \u0219i miceliu de rezisten\u021b\u0103,&nbsp; \u00een scoar\u021ba ramurilor, mai apoi \u00een fructele mumifiate. Conidiile formate pe fructele afectate de Putregaiul brun rezist\u0103 la temperaturile sc\u0103zute. Din acest motiv, vor produce infec\u021bii primare prim\u0103vara pe frunze, flori \u0219i ramuri.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Factori favorizan\u021bi pentru r\u0103sp\u00e2ndirea infec\u021biei<\/strong>:&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Vremea umed\u0103, ploioas\u0103<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Temperaturile sc\u0103zute<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Leziunile provocate de grindin\u0103&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Diferite specii de d\u0103un\u0103tori care lezeaz\u0103 fructul<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00cen timpul perioadei de vegeta\u021bie, ciuperca se r\u0103sp\u00e2nde\u0219te cu ajutorul v\u00e2ntului \u0219i&nbsp;a insectelor. Perioadele umede favorizeaz\u0103 formarea sporodochilor care&nbsp;con\u021bin conidii pe frunzele \u0219i florile atacate. C\u00e2nd ciuperca atac\u0103 florile \u0219i ramurile tinere, daunele sunt extrem de importante. Din fericire boala poate fi at\u00e2t prevenit\u0103 c\u00e2t \u0219i tratat\u0103, iar mai joc \u00ee\u021bi explic\u0103m cum.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"tratament\">Prevenirea \u0219i combaterea Putregaiului brun la s\u00e2mburoase<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00cencepem cu men\u021biunea c\u0103 doar tratamentul cu fungicide este singurul care are cu adev\u0103rat rezultate pentru tratarea bolii, al\u0103turi de c\u00e2teva solu\u021bii complementare. \u00cen primul r\u00e2nd, se va acorda aten\u021bie deosebit\u0103 \u00eendep\u0103rt\u0103rii organelor afectate \u00een care ciuperca poate ierna. T\u0103ierea ramurilor atacate \u0219i adunarea fructelor mumifiate, de pe sol \u0219i de pe ramuri, sunt primele ac\u021biuni recomandate.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Tratament Molinioz\u0103<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00cen timpul repausului vegetativ sunt recomandate cel pu\u021bin dou\u0103 tratamente pe&nbsp;baza de cupru. \u00cen vegeta\u021bie, \u00een fenofaza de Buton Alb, se vor executa tratamente&nbsp;cu fungicide sistemice \u0219i de contact, la un interval cuprins \u00eentre 14 \u0219i 21 de zile.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table aligncenter\"><table><tbody><tr><td>Tratare<\/td><td>Doz\u0103<\/td><td>Ac\u021biune<\/td><td>Cum aplici<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a href=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/184-fungicide\">Chorus \/ Signum<\/a><\/td><td>15 gr\/10 l ap\u0103<\/td><td>Al\u0103turi de&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/gradina-si-livada\/5287-merpan-80-wdg-eno-chemie-fungicid-15-gr.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Merpan<\/a> se preteaz\u0103 pentru eliminarea ciupercilor care provoac\u0103 Rap\u0103nul \u0219i Putregaiul brun la pomi fructiferi.<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/386-pulverizatoare-si-pompe\">Pomp\u0103 pentru tratamente fito-sanitare<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Captan + Signum\/ Score<\/td><td>15 gr\/10 l ap\u0103<\/td><td>Al\u0103turi de Captan se aplic\u0103 \u00een timpul vegeta\u021biei \u0219i asigur\u0103 protec\u021bie excelent\u0103 \u00eempotriva bolilor, chiar \u0219i dup\u0103 precipita\u021bii de 10 \u2013 15 mm.<\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/386-pulverizatoare-si-pompe\">Pomp\u0103 pentru tratamente fito-sanitare<\/a><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table aligncenter\"><table><tbody><tr><td>? <strong>\u00cen timpul fenofazei Buton Alb &#8211; c\u00e2nd apar mugurii florilor<br><\/strong><br>\u00cen aceasta perioad\u0103, rezerva de patogeni din livad\u0103 este antrenat\u0103 de curen\u021bii de&nbsp;aer \u0219i stropii de ap\u0103. Umiditatea este destul de ridicat\u0103, ceea ce favorizeaz\u0103 germinareaconidiilor \u0219i dezvoltarea ciupercilor \u00een organele atacate. Temperatura este cuprins\u0103&nbsp;\u00eentre 15-20 grade. Se recomand\u0103 aplicarea tratamentelor preventive pentru a putea&nbsp;combate bolile \u0219i d\u0103un\u0103torii specifici acestei fenofaze. <br><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/181-fitofarmacie\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Tratament recomandat<\/a><\/strong>: Score 2,5 ml (fungicid) + Captan 15g (fungicid) + Movento 7,5 ml (insecticid) + Pshysiocrop 20 ml + Break Thru 20 ml + 10 l ap\u0103. Se strope\u0219te diminea\u021ba!<br><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"complementare\">Exist\u0103 anumite tratamente complementare<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Tratamentele complementare pot fi utile \u00een prevenirea \u0219i combaterea Moniliozei, \u00een afara utiliz\u0103rii de fungicide. Ele nu pot \u00eenlocui tratamentul cu fungicide recomandat de speciali\u0219ti, \u00eens\u0103 pot fi utilizate ca o metod\u0103 suplimentar\u0103 pentru a preveni \u0219i a combate Monilioza. De asemenea, este recomandat s\u0103 consulta\u021bi un specialist \u00eenainte de a utiliza orice tratament alternativ. Acestea includ:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>T\u0103ierea regulat\u0103 a pomilor pentru a reduce densitatea crengilor \u0219i a \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u021bi circula\u021bia aerului \u00een jurul acestora, ceea ce poate reduce riscul de infectare cu Monilioz\u0103.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Respectarea unei igiene corespunz\u0103toare \u00een gr\u0103din\u0103, prin eliminarea resturilor de plante \u0219i a fructelor afectate, precum \u0219i prin cur\u0103\u021barea \u0219i dezinfectarea uneltelor de gr\u0103din\u0103rit pentru a preveni r\u0103sp\u00e2ndirea ciupercii.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Utilizarea unor solu\u021bii cu efect antifungic natural, cum ar fi solu\u021bia din bicarbonat de sodiu, care poate fi aplicat\u0103 pe fructe \u0219i plante pentru a reduce r\u0103sp\u00e2ndirea Moniliozei. Solu\u021bia poate fi preparat\u0103 prin amestecarea a dou\u0103 linguri\u021be de bicarbonat de sodiu \u00eentr-un litru de ap\u0103.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Utilizarea unor plante cu efect antifungic, cum ar fi uleiul esen\u021bial de oregano sau uleiul esen\u021bial de cimbru, care pot fi aplicate pe fructe sau plante pentru a preveni infec\u021biile fungice.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"semintoase\">Monilioza semin\u021boaselor<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Putregaiul brun poate ataca \u0219i semin\u021boasele, \u00een special frunzele, florile \u0219i fructele \u00een diferite faze de coacere. \u00cen timpul perioadei de \u00eenflorire, unele ramuri tinere se vestejesc, iar frunzele \u0219i florile se usuc\u0103. Pe ramurile atacate vor ap\u0103rea pete de mucegai cenu\u0219iu. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Fructele tinere se umplu de brum\u0103 \u0219i se muceg\u0103iesc, iar mai apoi cad. \u00cen timpul verii, pe fructele coapte apar pete maronii, care se ad\u00e2ncesc, \u0219i cuprind tot fructul. At\u00e2t umezeala c\u00e2t \u0219i seceta pot cauza probleme. Dac\u0103 pata de maronie de stric\u0103ciune apar\u0103 la locul de prindere al codi\u021bei sau la muc, este semnul Putregaiului inimii la semin\u021boase.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/ghiduri-pomi-fructiferi\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"200\" src=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Substrat-Universal-Agroland-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-23937\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Substrat-Universal-Agroland-1.png 500w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Substrat-Universal-Agroland-1-300x120.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/magazinele-noastre\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"409\" src=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Banner-adrese-magazine-1024x409.png\" alt=\"buton Adrese magazine agroland\" class=\"wp-image-23940\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Banner-adrese-magazine-1024x409.png 1024w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Banner-adrese-magazine-300x120.png 300w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Banner-adrese-magazine-768x307.png 768w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Banner-adrese-magazine-1000x400.png 1000w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Banner-adrese-magazine-500x200.png 500w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Banner-adrese-magazine.png 1183w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Afl\u0103 cum se manifest\u0103 Molinioza s\u00e2mburoaselor ? \u0219i care este tratamentul potrivit pentru livada ta.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":27,"featured_media":34092,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":true,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1440,39,103,1454,40],"tags":[2069,2066,2067,2068],"class_list":["post-34090","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-arbusti-fructiferi","category-blog","category-gradina-livada","category-pomi-fructiferi","category-specialistul-agroland","tag-molinioza-samburoaselor","tag-tratament-molinioza","tag-tratament-putregai-brun","tag-tratament-samburoase","entry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34090","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/27"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=34090"}],"version-history":[{"count":20,"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34090\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":36861,"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/34090\/revisions\/36861"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/34092"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=34090"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=34090"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=34090"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}