{"id":36573,"date":"2023-12-04T23:01:48","date_gmt":"2023-12-04T21:01:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/?p=36573"},"modified":"2024-08-26T10:43:19","modified_gmt":"2024-08-26T07:43:19","slug":"pseudopesta-aviara-simptome-si-preventie-prin-vaccinare","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/pseudopesta-aviara-simptome-si-preventie-prin-vaccinare\/","title":{"rendered":"Pseudopesta aviar\u0103 &#8211; simptome \u0219i preven\u021bie prin vaccinare"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Pseudopesta aviar\u0103 este cea mai de temut boal\u0103 care afecteaz\u0103 efectivul p\u0103s\u0103rilor de curte, cauz\u00e2nd pierderi economice mari. Este o boal\u0103 viral\u0103 sever\u0103, sistemic\u0103 \u0219i fatal\u0103. Din fericire preven\u021bia prin vaccinare este posibil\u0103 \u0219i accesibil\u0103 pentru orice gospodar.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"794\" height=\"363\" src=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/pseudopesta-aviara.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-36574\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/pseudopesta-aviara.png 794w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/pseudopesta-aviara-300x137.png 300w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/pseudopesta-aviara-768x351.png 768w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/12\/pseudopesta-aviara-500x229.png 500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 794px) 100vw, 794px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table aligncenter\"><table><tbody><tr><td>Nu uita!&nbsp;&nbsp;Pseudopesta aviar\u0103 este fatal\u0103. P\u0103s\u0103rile nevaccinate pot muri subit dac\u0103 sunt infectate. Diagnosticul se bazeaz\u0103 pe semne clinice \u0219i confirmarea probelor de laborator. Vaccinurile previn semnele clinice, dar nu \u0219i infec\u021bia. Nu exist\u0103 tratament pentru aceast\u0103 boal\u0103.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Cite\u0219te \u00een acest articol<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"#ce-este\">Ce este pseudopesta aviar\u0103?<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#manifestare\">Simptomele bolii Newcastle<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#vaccinare\">Preven\u021bia \u0219i vaccinarea \u00een cazul pseudopestei aviare<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#specialist-agroland\">Sfatul specialistului Agroland<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"ce-este\">Ce este pseudopesta aviar\u0103?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Pseudopesta aviar\u0103 este o infec\u021bie care afecteaz\u0103 p\u0103s\u0103rile domestice \u0219i alte specii de p\u0103s\u0103ri de curte cu virusul virulent al bolii Newcastle. Boala nu influen\u021beaz\u0103 siguran\u021ba alimentar\u0103 sau s\u0103n\u0103tatea public\u0103. Este o boal\u0103 de temut la nivel mondial, care se prezint\u0103 ca o boal\u0103 respiratorie acut\u0103.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"manifestare\">Cum se manifest\u0103 boala Newcastle?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Forma clinic\u0103 acut\u0103 &#8211; este cea mai des \u00eent\u00e2lnit\u0103 dintre formele de pseudopest\u0103.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>febr\u0103<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>lipsa poftei de m\u00e2ncare<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>p\u0103s\u0103rile beau mult\u0103 ap\u0103 &#8211; primul lucru c\u00e2nd ies din cote\u021b, se reped la ad\u0103p\u0103tori<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>stau cu aripile l\u0103sate \u0219i capul \u00eentre aripi<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>diaree de culoare verzuie sau galben-cenu\u0219ie, uneori cu strii de s\u00e2nge<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>unele p\u0103s\u0103ri au probleme de respira\u021bie, horcaie \u0219i str\u0103nut\u0103<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>se deplaseaz\u0103 greu<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>au paralizii ale membrelor, capului \u0219i aripilor<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>stoparea oatului&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"2\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Forma clinic\u0103 subacut\u0103 &#8211; are formele bolii acute, dar atenuate.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Forma clinic\u0103 supraacut\u0103 &#8211; se manifest\u0103 prin stare depresiv\u0103 \u0219i moarte \u00een c\u00e2teva ore.&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Forma clinic\u0103 cronic\u0103 &#8211; p\u0103s\u0103rile rezit\u0103 la boal\u0103, dar sl\u0103besc, sunt scheletice \u0219i au forme neobi\u0219nuite ale corpului. Semnele sunt men\u021bionate \u0219i \u00een Ghidul de cre\u0219tere a puilor de carne, scris de Leonard Constantin Stafie \u0219i Radu Antohe.&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"tratament\">Nu exist\u0103 tratament pentru pseudopesta aviar\u0103<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Nu exist\u0103 tratament pentru pseudopesta aviar\u0103, iar dac\u0103 gospod\u0103ria este situat\u0103 \u00een apropierea unui focar din zon\u0103, se recomand\u0103 sacrificarea p\u0103s\u0103rilor pentru a limita transmiterea bolii. Debutul este rapid, iar semnele apar \u00een tot efectivul \u00eenc\u0103 de la 2 zile dup\u0103 expunerea la virus. Dup\u0103 4 zile boala este evident\u0103. P\u0103s\u0103rile tinere sunt cele mai sensibile.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table aligncenter\"><table><tbody><tr><td>Pseudopesta aviar\u0103 cauzeaz\u0103 mortalitate \u00eentre 30-100%, iar boala dureaz\u0103 \u00eentre 7 \u0219i 10 zile.&nbsp;<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Prevenirea se realizeaz\u0103 prin vaccinare \u0219i biosecuritate strict\u0103. Pentru depistare se poate face tertul RT-PCR \u00een timp real, care poate confirma infec\u021bia la p\u0103s\u0103rile cu semne clinice de boal\u0103. Letargia este primul semn \u00eenregistrat. \u00cen unele cazuri, se dezvolt\u0103 edem periorbitar \u0219i cap. Creasta poate deveni albastr\u0103&nbsp; din cauza hipoxiei. P\u0103s\u0103rile care nu mor \u00een c\u00e2teva zile dup\u0103 infectare pot avea diaree apoas\u0103 verzuie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table aligncenter\"><table><tbody><tr><td>P\u0103s\u0103rile infectate, la care virusul atac\u0103 mai ales sistemul respirator \u0219i digestiv, au secre\u021bii transparete pe cioc, \u0219i scot un sunet distinct, ca un \u021bip\u0103t.\u00a0<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Semnele clinice sunt diferite dac\u0103 virusul atac\u0103 sistemul nervos \u0219i includ detres\u0103 respiratorie cu str\u0103nut, tuse \u0219i scurgeri nazale. Semnele respiratorii pot \u00eenso\u021bi semnele neurologice, care se manifest\u0103 astfel:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>tremur\u0103turi \u0219i convulsii<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>paralizia aripilor si picioarelor<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>torticolis<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>spasme<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>paralizie complet\u0103<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>p\u00e2n\u0103 la 100% morbiditate \u0219i 50% mortalitate&nbsp;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>p\u0103s\u0103rile tinere sunt atacate p\u00e2n\u0103 la 90%&nbsp;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Infec\u021biile debuteaz\u0103 cu semne respiratorii u\u0219oare, dar infec\u021biile secundare complic\u0103 starea. \u00cen timp ce p\u0103s\u0103rile adulte au de obicei infec\u021bii subclinice, p\u0103s\u0103rile tinere pot prezenta g\u00e2f\u00e2ituri, tuse, str\u0103nut. La curcani, semnele clinice seam\u0103n\u0103 \u00een mare m\u0103sur\u0103 cu cele la pui, dar sunt adesea mai bl\u00e2nde.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Produc\u021bia de ou\u0103<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Produc\u021bia de ou\u0103 poate fi \u00eentrerupt\u0103 sau oprit\u0103 complet. Sc\u0103derea produc\u021biei de ou\u0103 este tipic\u0103 pentru aceast\u0103 afec\u021biune, iar ou\u0103le au coji moi \u0219i form\u0103 anormal\u0103. Ou\u0103le pot fi de culoare anormal\u0103. Inclusiv forma ou\u0103lor de la p\u0103s\u0103rile bolnave poate fi diferite. Un alt semn este albu\u0219ul apos. Acest semn al bolii poate fi singurul semn de boal\u0103 la g\u0103inile complet vaccinate.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>P\u0103s\u0103rile vaccinate pot ap\u0103rea clinic normale \u00een afar\u0103 de sc\u0103derea produc\u021biei de ou\u0103. Cu toate c\u0103 g\u0103inile ou\u0103toare vaccinate pot semnaliza boala doar prin sc\u0103derea produc\u021biei de ou\u0103, ele vor transmite virusul. P\u0103s\u0103rile vaccinate slab \u0219i suboptim pot dezvolta semne neurologice la 10-14 zile dup\u0103 infectare, dar se pot recupera.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Diagnostic<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Pentru c\u0103 semnele de boal\u0103 pot fi asem\u0103n\u0103toare cu ale altor boli, diagnosticarea se face at\u00e2t clinic c\u00e2t \u0219i prin teste de laborator. Dup\u0103 confirmarea bolii se vor anun\u021ba <a href=\"http:\/\/www.ansvsa.ro\/ansvsa\/structuri-teritoriale-d-s-v-s-a\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">autorit\u0103\u021bile locale \u0219i jude\u021bene<\/a>, care vor impune carantinarea. Boala poate fi prevenit\u0103 prin vaccinare, iar vaccinarea este obligatorie. Puii de o zi Agroland sunt vaccina\u021bi conform schemei obligatorii de vaccinare ANSVSA.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"vaccinare\">Preven\u021bie prin vaccinare<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Vaccinurile sunt disponibile pentru pui, curcani \u0219i porumbei. Spre deosebire de alte vaccinuri, acesta este ieftin \u0219i la \u00eendem\u00e2na oricui. Vaccinul induce un r\u0103spuns cu anticorpi. Exist\u0103 vaccinuri cu virus viu vNDV, vaccinuri cu virus inactiv \u0219i vaccinuri cu virus recombinat NDV. P\u0103s\u0103rile vaccinate se pot \u00eemboln\u0103vi, nu au semne clinice, dar pot transmite boala prin fecale \u0219i saliv\u0103.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Anticorpii materni transfera\u021bi pasiv \u0219i anticorpii din imuniz\u0103rile anterioare influen\u021beaz\u0103 vaccinarea \u00eempotriva NDV, iar protocoalele de vaccinare cu rapel&nbsp; trebuie concepute corespunz\u0103tor. Condi\u021biile de teren \u0219i de mediu, precum \u0219i infec\u021biile concomitente, pot avea, de asemenea, un impact negativ asupra r\u0103spunsului imunitar la vaccinare.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"specialist-agroland\">Sfatul Specialistului Agroland<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>La pseudopest\u0103 se vaccineaz\u0103 puii de g\u0103in\u0103 la 9 zile, cu rapel la 21 de zile. Vaccinarea continu\u0103 din 6 \u00een 6 luni la p\u0103s\u0103rile adulte. La puii mici vaccinul este administrat \u00een ap\u0103. La g\u0103inile adulte se poate administra vaccinul tot \u00een ap\u0103 sau se poate opta pentru vaccinul injectabil. Vaccinarea este important\u0103 pentru c\u0103 tratament nu exist\u0103\u201d spune Ovidiu \u0218andru, cresc\u0103tor consacrat de p\u0103s\u0103ri, cu studii veterinare absolvite.&nbsp;<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Biosecuritate<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Vaccinarea este primul pas de preven\u021bie, urmat de m\u0103surile de biosecuritate. Procedurile de <a href=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/cresterea-animalelor\/561-procid-forte-100ml.html\">dezinfec\u021bie de rutin\u0103<\/a> sunt utile, la fel \u0219i calitatea hranei \u0219i a apei, gestionarea d\u0103un\u0103torilor \u0219i a gunoiului. Limitarea focarelor se face prin sacrificarea p\u0103s\u0103rilor infectate \u0219i susceptibile \u00eentr-o zon\u0103 controlat\u0103 pentru a preveni transmiterea ulterioar\u0103 a bolii. Autorit\u0103\u021bile trebuie anun\u021bate imediat \u00een cazul unei suspiciuni de boal\u0103.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/ghiduri-agroland-cresterea-pasarilor\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"200\" src=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Substrat-Universal-Agroland-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-23937\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Substrat-Universal-Agroland-1.png 500w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Substrat-Universal-Agroland-1-300x120.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/magazinele-noastre\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"409\" src=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Banner-adrese-magazine-1024x409.png\" alt=\"buton Adrese magazine agroland\" class=\"wp-image-23940\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Banner-adrese-magazine-1024x409.png 1024w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Banner-adrese-magazine-300x120.png 300w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Banner-adrese-magazine-768x307.png 768w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Banner-adrese-magazine-1000x400.png 1000w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Banner-adrese-magazine-500x200.png 500w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Banner-adrese-magazine.png 1183w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Afl\u0103 se este \u0219i cum se manifest\u0103 pseudopesta aviar\u0103, dar \u0219i cum se poate preveni boala. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":27,"featured_media":36574,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":true,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_et_pb_use_builder":"","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[39,142,112,40],"tags":[2218,2217,2219,2220],"class_list":["post-36573","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","category-cresterea-animalelor","category-cresterea-pasarilor","category-specialistul-agroland","tag-boala-newcastle","tag-pseudopesta-aviara","tag-semnele-pseudopestei-aviare","tag-vaccinarea-gainilor","entry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36573","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/27"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=36573"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36573\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":38362,"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/36573\/revisions\/38362"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/36574"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=36573"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=36573"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=36573"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}