{"id":40522,"date":"2025-05-11T18:15:32","date_gmt":"2025-05-11T15:15:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/?p=40522"},"modified":"2025-11-12T18:47:11","modified_gmt":"2025-11-12T16:47:11","slug":"cand-se-oua-ratele-si-cate-oua-depun-anual","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/cand-se-oua-ratele-si-cate-oua-depun-anual\/","title":{"rendered":"C\u00e2nd se ou\u0103 ra\u021bele"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Mul\u021bi cresc\u0103tori de p\u0103s\u0103ri sau gospodari afla\u021bi la \u00eenceput de drum se \u00eentreab\u0103 c\u00e2nd se ou\u0103 ra\u021bele \u0219i ce trebuie s\u0103 \u0219tie despre ou\u0103le lor. R\u0103spunsul depinde de rasa ra\u021bei, condi\u021biile de mediu \u0219i \u00eengrijirea oferit\u0103. \u00cen acest articol vom explora momentul \u00een care ra\u021bele \u00eencep s\u0103 ou\u0103, c\u00e2te ou\u0103 pot depune anual, cum arat\u0103 ou\u0103le de ra\u021b\u0103, ce calit\u0103\u021bi au \u0219i c\u00e2t dureaz\u0103 perioada lor productiv\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"788\" height=\"510\" src=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/ratele-se-oua.jpg\" alt=\"c\u00e2nd se ou\u0103 ra\u021bele\" class=\"wp-image-40524\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/ratele-se-oua.jpg 788w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/ratele-se-oua-300x194.jpg 300w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/ratele-se-oua-768x497.jpg 768w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/ratele-se-oua-500x324.jpg 500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 788px) 100vw, 788px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"#cand\">C\u00e2nd se ou\u0103 ra\u021bele<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cate\">C\u00e2te ou\u0103 depun ra\u021bele Pekin \u0219i cele Lele\u0219ti<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cat\">C\u00e2\u021bi ani se p\u0103streaz\u0103 produc\u021bia de ou\u0103<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"cand\">C\u00e2nd se ou\u0103 ra\u021bele prima dat\u0103?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Ra\u021bele \u00eencep s\u0103 ou\u0103, \u00een general, la v\u00e2rsta de 5-6 luni, dar acest moment poate varia u\u0219or \u00een func\u021bie de ras\u0103 \u0219i de condi\u021biile \u00een care sunt crescute. Rasele specializate pentru ou\u0103, tind s\u0103 \u00eenceap\u0103 ouatul mai devreme dec\u00e2t cele crescute pentru carne. Este important ca ra\u021bele <a href=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/ghiduri-agroland-cresterea-bobocilor-de-rata\/#parametrii\">s\u0103 beneficieze de lumin\u0103 natural\u0103 sau artificial\u0103<\/a> (cel pu\u021bin 12-14 ore pe zi) pentru a declan\u0219a ciclul de ouat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Lele\u0219ti <\/strong>&#8211; r<strong>a\u021bele <\/strong>\u00eencep s\u0103 ou\u0103 de obicei \u00eentre <strong>6 \u0219i 7 luni<\/strong> (aproximativ 26-30 de s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2ni). Sunt rase rustice, rezistente, dar nu sunt specializate pentru ouat intensiv.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Pekin<\/strong> &#8211; o ras\u0103 de carne cu o bun\u0103 capacitate de ouat, r<strong>a\u021bele<\/strong> \u00eencep s\u0103 ou\u0103 \u00een jurul v\u00e2rstei de <strong>5,5 \u2013 6 luni<\/strong> (22-26 s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2ni), uneori chiar mai devreme dac\u0103 sunt crescute \u00een condi\u021bii optime.<br><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Primele ou\u0103 sunt, de regul\u0103, mai mici \u0219i mai rare, dar frecven\u021ba cre\u0219te treptat odat\u0103 cu maturizarea complet\u0103 a p\u0103s\u0103rii.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"cate\">C\u00e2te ou\u0103 depun ra\u021bele Pekin \u0219i cele de Lele\u0219ti?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/pasari\/boboci-de-rata\/\">Ra\u021bele Pekin<\/a> sunt una dintre cele mai productive rase, fiind capabile s\u0103 depun\u0103 \u00eentre 150 \u0219i 200 de ou\u0103 pe an. Acestea sunt apreciate at\u00e2t pentru carne, c\u00e2t \u0219i pentru ou\u0103. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ra\u021bele din rasa Lele\u0219ti, o varietate autohton\u0103, sunt mai pu\u021bin productive, cu o medie de 80\u2013120 de ou\u0103 pe an, dar rezistente \u0219i bine adaptate la condi\u021biile locale.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Exist\u0103 perioade din an c\u00e2nd ra\u021bele nu ou\u0103?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Majoritatea ra\u021belor \u00eencep s\u0103 ou\u0103 prim\u0103vara devreme, odat\u0103 cu cre\u0219terea duratei zilei, \u0219i continu\u0103 p\u00e2n\u0103 toamna t\u00e2rziu. \u00cen condi\u021bii ideale, cu hran\u0103 de calitate \u0219i iluminare artificial\u0103, ra\u021bele pot oua \u0219i iarna. \u00cen gospod\u0103riile tradi\u021bionale, perioada de ouare \u00eencepe \u00een martie \u0219i scade spre sf\u00e2r\u0219itul lunii octombrie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ouatul ra\u021belor este influen\u021bat puternic de <strong>lumina natural\u0103<\/strong> \u0219i de <strong>condi\u021biile climatice<\/strong>. Ra\u021bele sunt p\u0103s\u0103ri de zi lung\u0103, a\u0219adar produc\u021bia de ou\u0103 este mai intens\u0103 prim\u0103vara \u0219i vara, c\u00e2nd zilele sunt mai lungi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pe timpul <strong>iernii<\/strong> \u0219i \u00een <strong>perioadele de frig accentuat<\/strong>, ra\u021bele pot opri complet ouatul sau pot oua sporadic. De asemenea, \u00een perioada de <strong>n\u0103p\u00e2rlire<\/strong> (molt\u0103), care are loc de obicei toamna, ra\u021bele \u00ee\u0219i opresc temporar ouatul pentru a-\u0219i reface penajul.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Stresul, boala, lipsa apei sau a unui ad\u0103post uscat \u0219i curat pot, de asemenea, afecta negativ produc\u021bia de ou\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cum arat\u0103 ou\u0103le de ra\u021b\u0103?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Ou\u0103le de ra\u021b\u0103 sunt, \u00een general, <a href=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/cand-se-oua-gainile\/\">mai mari dec\u00e2t cele de g\u0103in\u0103<\/a>, av\u00e2nd o coaj\u0103 mai groas\u0103 \u0219i o culoare care variaz\u0103 de la alb, crem, p\u00e2n\u0103 la verde pal sau albastru deschis, \u00een func\u021bie de ras\u0103. G\u0103lbenu\u0219ul este mai intens colorat \u0219i mai consistent, iar albu\u0219ul este ceva mai dens.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Comparativ cu ou\u0103le de g\u0103in\u0103, cele de ra\u021b\u0103 <strong>au con\u021binut mai ridicat de gr\u0103simi \u0219i proteine<\/strong>, ceea ce le face ideale pentru coacere \u0219i preparate culinare rafinate. \u00cen compara\u021bie cu ou\u0103le de g\u00e2sc\u0103, cele de ra\u021b\u0103 sunt mai mici, dar mai frecvente \u0219i mai u\u0219or de ob\u021binut.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Ce calit\u0103\u021bi au ou\u0103le de ra\u021b\u0103?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Ou\u0103le de ra\u021b\u0103 sunt foarte hr\u0103nitoare \u0219i bogate \u00een nutrien\u021bi. Sunt apreciate \u00een special de patiseri pentru aluatul fraged \u0219i textur\u0103 cremoas\u0103 \u00een pr\u0103jituri sau creme. De asemenea, sunt <strong>surs\u0103 bun\u0103 de vitamina B12, seleniu \u0219i acizi gra\u0219i esen\u021biali<\/strong>. Trebuie \u00eens\u0103 consumate cu aten\u021bie \u2013 au o arom\u0103 mai intens\u0103 dec\u00e2t cele de g\u0103in\u0103 \u0219i pot fi mai greu digerabile pentru unele persoane.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cum trebuie hr\u0103nite ra\u021bele pentru o produc\u021bie bun\u0103 de ou\u0103?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>O alimenta\u021bie echilibrat\u0103 este esen\u021bial\u0103 pentru ca ra\u021bele s\u0103 ou\u0103 regulat \u0219i pentru o perioad\u0103 c\u00e2t mai lung\u0103. Dieta lor trebuie s\u0103 con\u021bin\u0103:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Proteine<\/strong>: cel pu\u021bin 16-18% \u00een ra\u021bia zilnic\u0103, care se g\u0103sesc \u00een <a href=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/19-furaje-si-premixuri\">furajele dedicate<\/a>. Se pot administra f\u0103inuri proteice (soia, maz\u0103re), dar \u0219i verde\u021buri \u0219i resturi de buc\u0103t\u0103rie (fierte \u0219i f\u0103r\u0103 sare). <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Calciu<\/strong>: pentru coji de ou rezistente. Surse bune sunt cojile de ou m\u0103cinate, scoica pisat\u0103 sau suplimentele comerciale.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Gr\u0103simi \u0219i carbohidra\u021bi<\/strong>: din cereale (porumb, gr\u00e2u, orz) pentru energie.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Ap\u0103 proasp\u0103t\u0103<\/strong>: foarte important\u0103, ra\u021bele au nevoie de acces permanent la ap\u0103, nu doar pentru b\u0103ut, ci \u0219i pentru igien\u0103.<br><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Un adaos de <strong>vitamine (A, D, E \u0219i complexul B)<\/strong> sus\u021bine sistemul reproduc\u0103tor \u0219i contribuie la ou\u0103 de calitate superioar\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"cat\">C\u00e2\u021bi ani se p\u0103streaz\u0103 produc\u021bia de ou\u0103?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Productivitatea maxim\u0103 se \u00eenregistreaz\u0103 \u00een primii 2-3 ani de via\u021b\u0103. Dup\u0103 acest interval, produc\u021bia de ou\u0103 scade treptat, de\u0219i unele ra\u021be pot continua s\u0103 ou\u0103 ocazional p\u00e2n\u0103 la v\u00e2rsta de 5-6 ani. Pentru ou\u0103 constante \u0219i de calitate, se recomand\u0103 re\u00eennoirea efectivului la fiecare 2-3 ani.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Ra\u021bele Pekin<\/strong> pot produce \u00eentre <strong>120-180 de ou\u0103 pe an<\/strong> \u00een primii doi ani.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Ra\u021bele Lele\u0219ti<\/strong>, fiind o ras\u0103 mixt\u0103 \u0219i rustic\u0103, au o produc\u021bie mai modest\u0103, de <strong>80-130 ou\u0103\/an<\/strong>, dar constant\u0103.<br><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00cen general, <strong>v\u00e2rful ouatului este \u00een primii 2-3 ani de via\u021b\u0103<\/strong>. Dup\u0103 aceast\u0103 perioad\u0103, produc\u021bia \u00eencepe s\u0103 scad\u0103 treptat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">C\u00e2nd nu se mai ou\u0103 ra\u021bele deloc?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Dup\u0103 <strong>4-5 ani<\/strong>, majoritatea ra\u021belor reduc semnificativ produc\u021bia de ou\u0103. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u00cen func\u021bie de ras\u0103 \u0219i \u00eengrijire, unele pot continua s\u0103 ou\u0103 sporadic p\u00e2n\u0103 la 6-7 ani, dar ou\u0103le devin rare \u0219i mai pu\u021bin consistente. <\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ra\u021bele pot tr\u0103i chiar \u0219i 8-10 ani, dar din punct de vedere economic, sunt \u00eenlocuite de obicei dup\u0103 3-4 ani.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Sunt ou\u0103le fertile? \u00cen ce condi\u021bii?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Da, ou\u0103le de ra\u021b\u0103 pot fi fertile dac\u0103 ra\u021bele sunt crescute \u00eempreun\u0103 cu un mascul (ra\u021b). Raportul optim este de <strong>1 ra\u021b la 4\u20136 ra\u021be<\/strong>. Fertilizarea are loc \u00een mod natural, iar ou\u0103le pot fi puse la clocit fie de o ra\u021b\u0103 clo\u0219c\u0103, fie \u00een incubator. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Temperatura \u0219i umiditatea sunt critice \u00een timpul incub\u0103rii: ou\u0103le de ra\u021b\u0103 necesit\u0103 <strong>37,5\u00b0C \u0219i 55-65% umiditate<\/strong>, iar perioada de incuba\u021bie este de aproximativ <strong>28 de zile<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Concluzie<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Ouarea ra\u021belor este un proces influen\u021bat de ras\u0103, v\u00e2rst\u0103, sezon \u0219i alimenta\u021bie. Ra\u021bele Pekin sunt mai rapide \u0219i mai productive dec\u00e2t cele Lele\u0219ti, \u00eens\u0103 ambele rase pot oferi ou\u0103 gustoase dac\u0103 sunt \u00eengrijite corect. Cu o diet\u0103 echilibrat\u0103, lumin\u0103 suficient\u0103 \u0219i un ad\u0103post curat, po\u021bi ob\u021bine ou\u0103 proaspete pe o perioad\u0103 lung\u0103, chiar \u0219i \u00een gospod\u0103ria ta.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/ghiduri-agroland-cresterea-pasarilor\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"200\" src=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Substrat-Universal-Agroland-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-23937\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Substrat-Universal-Agroland-1.png 500w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Substrat-Universal-Agroland-1-300x120.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/magazinele-noastre\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"409\" src=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Banner-adrese-magazine-1024x409.png\" alt=\"buton Adrese magazine agroland\" class=\"wp-image-23940\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Banner-adrese-magazine-1024x409.png 1024w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Banner-adrese-magazine-300x120.png 300w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Banner-adrese-magazine-768x307.png 768w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Banner-adrese-magazine-1000x400.png 1000w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Banner-adrese-magazine-500x200.png 500w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Banner-adrese-magazine.png 1183w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Afl\u0103 c\u00e2nd se ou\u0103 ra\u021bele, c\u00e2te ou\u0103 depun anul \u00een func\u021bie de ras\u0103, c\u00e2\u021bi ani produc constant \u0219i \u00een ce perioade din an sunt mai productive. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":27,"featured_media":40523,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_et_pb_use_builder":"off","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[39,112,40],"tags":[2489,301],"class_list":["post-40522","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","category-cresterea-pasarilor","category-specialistul-agroland","tag-cand-se-oua-ratele","tag-oua-de-rata","entry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40522","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/27"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=40522"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40522\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":42487,"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40522\/revisions\/42487"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/40523"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=40522"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=40522"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=40522"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}