{"id":41344,"date":"2025-08-17T18:53:13","date_gmt":"2025-08-17T15:53:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/?p=41344"},"modified":"2025-10-24T18:55:35","modified_gmt":"2025-10-24T15:55:35","slug":"trei-virusuri-care-pot-afecta-tomatele","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/trei-virusuri-care-pot-afecta-tomatele\/","title":{"rendered":"Virusuri care pot afecta tomatele: cele mai importante 3 boli, cauze \u0219i tratamente"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Tomatele sunt una dintre cele mai cultivate \u0219i iubite legume din Rom\u00e2nia, nelipsite din gr\u0103dini, solarii sau c\u00e2mpuri. Din p\u0103cate, ele sunt sensibile la o serie de boli, iar printre cele mai periculoase se afl\u0103 care sunt cele mai periculaose <strong>virusuri care pot afecta tomatele<\/strong>. Aceste viroze nu doar c\u0103 sl\u0103besc plantele, dar pot compromite complet recolta dac\u0103 nu sunt gestionate corect.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"960\" height=\"723\" src=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/craparea-rosiilor-din-cauza-diferentelor-de-temperatura.jpg\" alt=\"virusuri care pot afecta tomatele\" class=\"wp-image-41346\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/craparea-rosiilor-din-cauza-diferentelor-de-temperatura.jpg 960w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/craparea-rosiilor-din-cauza-diferentelor-de-temperatura-300x226.jpg 300w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/craparea-rosiilor-din-cauza-diferentelor-de-temperatura-768x578.jpg 768w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/08\/craparea-rosiilor-din-cauza-diferentelor-de-temperatura-500x377.jpg 500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>Pentru c\u0103 <strong>virusurile nu au tratament curativ direct<\/strong>, accentul se pune pe preven\u021bie, combaterea d\u0103un\u0103torilor care le transmit \u0219i eliminarea plantelor infectate. \u00cen continuare, vom prezenta <strong>cele mai importante trei virusuri care pot afecta tomatele<\/strong>, al\u0103turi de cauzele apari\u021biei \u0219i metodele de combatere:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"#tswv\">Virusul petelor de bronz la tomate<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#tmv\">Virusul mozaicului tomatelor<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cmv\">Virusul mozaicului castrave\u021bilor la tomate<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"tswv\">1. Virusul petelor de bronz la tomate (TSWV)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Cauze<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Virusul petelor de bronz este una dintre cele mai devastatoare viroze. Se transmite prin <strong>tripsi<\/strong> (tripsul californian \u0219i tripsul tutunului), insecte minuscule care \u00een\u021beap\u0103 frunza \u0219i inoculeaz\u0103 virusul.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Simptome<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Frunze<\/strong> curbate \u00een jos, deformate, cu pete asem\u0103n\u0103toare bronzului.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Plante debile<\/strong>, cu cre\u0219tere slab\u0103.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Fructe<\/strong> cu pete inelare ro\u0219ii sau galbene, care devin necomestibile.<br><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Tratament \u0219i prevenire<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Nu exist\u0103 tratament direct<\/strong> \u00eempotriva virusului.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Elimin\u0103 imediat plantele infectate din cultur\u0103.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Folose\u0219te insecticide pentru a controla tripsii: <a href=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/produse\/453571-laser-240-sc-20-ml.html\">Laser<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/gradina-si-livada\/6245-mospilan-20-sg-insecticid-15-gr.html\">Mospilan<\/a>, Mavrik (aplicate alternativ la 7\u201310 zile).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Monteaz\u0103 capcane lipicioase albastre pentru monitorizarea tripsilor.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Men\u021bine cultura curat\u0103, f\u0103r\u0103 buruieni, care pot fi gazde pentru d\u0103un\u0103tori.<br><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"tmv\">2. Virusul mozaicului tomatelor (TMV)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Cauze<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Virusul mozaicului tomatelor este unul dintre cele mai vechi \u0219i studiate virusuri vegetale. Se transmite prin:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>contact mecanic (atingere, lucr\u0103ri de \u00eentre\u021binere),<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>unelte contaminate,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>semin\u021be infectate,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>reziduuri vegetale din sol.<br><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Simptome<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Frunze<\/strong> cu pete neregulate, verzi-\u00eenchise \u0219i verzi-deschise, cu aspect mozaicat.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Frunzele tinere devin <strong>deformate \u0219i r\u0103sucite<\/strong>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Fructele<\/strong> pot prezenta pete verzi sau galbene, deform\u0103ri \u0219i maturare neuniform\u0103.<br><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Tratament \u0219i prevenire<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Nu exist\u0103 tratament curativ.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Igiena cultural\u0103<\/strong> este esen\u021bial\u0103: dezinfectarea uneltelor \u0219i distrugerea resturilor vegetale.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Folosirea de <a href=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/300-seminte-legume\">semin\u021be certificate, libere de virusuri<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Dezinfectarea solului \u0219i a solariilor.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Aplicarea de produse biostimulante care cresc rezisten\u021ba plantelor.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u00cen caz de infestare, \u00eendep\u0103rteaz\u0103 plantele bolnave \u0219i arde-le pentru a evita r\u0103sp\u00e2ndirea.<br><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"cmv\">3. Virusul mozaicului castrave\u021bilor la tomate (CMV)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Cauze<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Virusul mozaicului castrave\u021bilor afecteaz\u0103 nu doar castrave\u021bii, ci \u0219i tomatele \u0219i alte legume. Se transmite prin <strong>afide<\/strong> (p\u0103duchii verzi), dar \u0219i prin semin\u021be infectate. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Simptome<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Frunze<\/strong> deformate, cu pete galbene sau verzi deschis, aspect de mozaic.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Cresterea \u00eencetine\u0219te<\/strong>, plantele r\u0103m\u00e2n pitice.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Fructele<\/strong> au form\u0103 neregulat\u0103, sunt mai mici \u0219i prezint\u0103 dungi galbene.<br><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Tratament \u0219i prevenire<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Elimin\u0103 imediat plantele infectate.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Combate afidele prin tratamente cu insecticide precum Mospilan sau Confidor Energy.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u00cenl\u0103tur\u0103 buruienile, care pot ad\u0103posti afide \u0219i virusul.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Folose\u0219te plase anti-insecte la solarii pentru a reduce atacul d\u0103un\u0103torilor.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/invazia-buburuzelor-cauza-si-combatere\/\">Buburuzele pot fi folosite pentru combaterea afidelor<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Alege soiuri \u0219i hibrizi cu <strong>rezisten\u021b\u0103 genetic\u0103<\/strong> la CMV, acolo unde este posibil.<br><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Elimin\u0103 tripsii \u0219i afidele \u0219i evit\u0103 aceste virusuri care pot afecta tomatele<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Tripsii \u0219i afidele sunt doi dintre cei mai periculo\u0219i d\u0103un\u0103tori ai legumelor (inclusiv la tomate, ardei, vinete, castrave\u021bi). Ei nu doar sug seva \u0219i sl\u0103besc plantele, dar transmit \u0219i viroze grave (ex. <strong>boala petelor de bronz<\/strong>, <strong>mozaicul castrave\u021bilor<\/strong>).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>De aceea, <strong>tratamentul \u00eempotriva tripsilor \u0219i afidelor<\/strong> trebuie s\u0103 fie combinat: m\u0103suri preventive + tratamente chimice sau biologice.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">M\u0103suri preventive<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Elimin\u0103 buruienile<\/strong> din jurul culturii (sunt gazde pentru tripsi \u0219i afide).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Plase anti-insecte<\/strong> la solarii pentru a reduce accesul.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Capcane lipicioase<\/strong>: albastre pentru tripsi, galbene pentru afide.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Evit\u0103 excesul de azot \u2013 favorizeaz\u0103 atacurile de afide.<br><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Insecticide recomandate<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Se aplic\u0103 <strong>alternativ<\/strong>, pentru a evita rezisten\u021ba:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Contra tripsilor:<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/gradina-si-livada\/6205-laser-240-sc-insecticid-4-ml.html\">Laser 240 SC<\/a> \u2013 0,6 l\/ha (2 ml\/10 l ap\u0103)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/gradina-si-livada\/6248-mospilan-20-sg-insecticid-3-gr.html\">Mospilan 20 S<\/a><strong>G<\/strong> \u2013 0,250 kg\/ha (3 g\/10 l ap\u0103)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Mavrik 2 F<\/strong> \u2013 0,5 l\/ha (5 ml\/10 l ap\u0103)<br><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Contra afidelor:<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Confidor Energy<\/strong> \u2013 0,05% (5 ml\/10 l ap\u0103)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Actara 25 WG<\/strong> \u2013 0,02% (2 g\/10 l ap\u0103)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/gradina-si-livada\/6192-karate-zeon-5-cs-insecticid-100-ml.html\">Karate Zeon<\/a> \u2013 0,015% (1,5 ml\/10 l ap\u0103)<br><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Se recomand\u0103 <strong>3\u20134 tratamente la interval de 7\u201310 zile<\/strong>, altern\u00e2nd substan\u021bele active. La fiecare solu\u021bie <a href=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/gradina-si-livada\/5271-silwet-top-eno-chemie-adjuvant-pentru-tratamente-fitosanitare-100-ml.html\">adaug\u0103 un adjuvant<\/a><strong> <\/strong>pentru o mai bun\u0103 aderen\u021b\u0103.Trateaz\u0103 <strong>diminea\u021ba sau seara<\/strong>, nu la soare puternic. Pulverizeaz\u0103 <strong>uniform, pe ambele fe\u021be ale frunzelor<\/strong>. Respect\u0103 timpul de pauz\u0103 \u00eenainte de recoltare trecut pe eticheta produsului.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cum recuno\u0219ti o viroz\u0103 la tomate?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Indiferent de virus, exist\u0103 c\u00e2teva semne generale care trebuie s\u0103 dea de g\u00e2ndit gr\u0103dinarului sau fermierului:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>frunze deformate, r\u0103sucite sau cu pete neobi\u0219nuite,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>plante cu cre\u0219tere debilitar\u0103, care r\u0103m\u00e2n mici,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>fructe cu pete circulare, inelare sau aspect mozaicat,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>maturare neuniform\u0103 \u0219i produc\u021bie sc\u0103zut\u0103.<br><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Dac\u0103 observi aceste simptome, este important s\u0103 ac\u021bionezi rapid: elimin\u0103 plantele suspecte \u0219i verific\u0103 prezen\u021ba tripsilor sau afidelor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Prin vigilen\u021b\u0103 \u0219i aplicarea unor m\u0103suri corecte de protec\u021bie, putem reduce semnificativ <a href=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/boli-si-daunatori-care-apar-in-cultura-de-rosii-cum-le-recunosti-si-ce-tratament-e-potrivit\/\">bolile \u0219i d\u0103un\u0103torii din cultura de ro\u0219ii<\/a> \u0219i ne putem bucura de o recolt\u0103 s\u0103n\u0103toas\u0103 \u0219i bogat\u0103 de ro\u0219ii. G\u0103se\u0219ti sfaturi \u0219i tratamente \u00een <a href=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/magazine-fitofarmacii\/\">Fitofarmaciile Agroland<\/a>. (foto arhiv\u0103 personal\u0103)<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/ghiduri-gradina-de-legume\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"200\" src=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Substrat-Universal-Agroland-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-23937\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Substrat-Universal-Agroland-1.png 500w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Substrat-Universal-Agroland-1-300x120.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/magazinele-noastre\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"409\" src=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Banner-adrese-magazine-1024x409.png\" alt=\"buton Adrese magazine agroland\" class=\"wp-image-23940\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Banner-adrese-magazine-1024x409.png 1024w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Banner-adrese-magazine-300x120.png 300w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Banner-adrese-magazine-768x307.png 768w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Banner-adrese-magazine-1000x400.png 1000w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Banner-adrese-magazine-500x200.png 500w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Banner-adrese-magazine.png 1183w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Afl\u0103 care sunt cele mai periculoase virusuri care pot afecta tomatele, ce simptome provoac\u0103 \u0219i cum po\u021bi preveni pierderile din cultur\u0103.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":27,"featured_media":41345,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_et_pb_use_builder":"off","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[39,103,40],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-41344","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","category-gradina-livada","category-specialistul-agroland","entry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/41344","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/27"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=41344"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/41344\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":42130,"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/41344\/revisions\/42130"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/41345"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=41344"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=41344"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=41344"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}