{"id":42146,"date":"2025-10-26T11:16:53","date_gmt":"2025-10-26T09:16:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/?p=42146"},"modified":"2025-10-26T11:25:36","modified_gmt":"2025-10-26T09:25:36","slug":"plante-otravitoare-des-intalnite","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/plante-otravitoare-des-intalnite\/","title":{"rendered":"Plante otr\u0103vitoare care pot fi confundate cu unele comestibile"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u0218tirea celor doi copii din Turda, care s-au otr\u0103vit dup\u0103 ce au m\u00e2ncat fructele uneia dintre cele mai otr\u0103vitoare plante a uimit Rom\u00e2nia. Un astfel de accident este posibil \u00een orice moment, pentru c\u0103 pu\u021bin\u0103 lume cunoa\u0219te cu adev\u0103rat care sunt plantele otr\u0103vitoare r\u0103sp\u00e2ndite \u00een natur\u0103.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"637\" height=\"524\" src=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/camp-cu-flori.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-42154\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/camp-cu-flori.jpg 637w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/camp-cu-flori-300x247.jpg 300w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/camp-cu-flori-500x411.jpg 500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 637px) 100vw, 637px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<p>\u00cen Rom\u00e2nia exist\u0103 mai multe plante otr\u0103vitoare care pot fi confundate cu cele comestibile, ceea ce poate duce la intoxica\u021bii grave. Iat\u0103 c\u00e2teva dintre cele mai comune \u0219i precau\u021biile necesare:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"#matraguna\">M\u0103tr\u0103guna<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#cucuta\">Cucuta<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#maselarita\">M\u0103selari\u021ba<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#brandusa\">Br\u00e2ndu\u0219a de toamn\u0103<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"matraguna\"><strong>1. M\u0103tr\u0103guna (Atropa belladonna)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"882\" src=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/matraguna-1.png\" alt=\"M\u0103tr\u0103guna - plante otr\u0103vitoare\" class=\"wp-image-42151\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/matraguna-1.png 1024w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/matraguna-1-300x258.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>O plant\u0103 legendar\u0103 pentru toxicitatea sa, cu fructe asem\u0103n\u0103toare coac\u0103zelor negre sau afinelor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Confuzie cu:<\/strong> afine, coac\u0103ze negre, cire\u0219e negre (\u00een cazul fructelor). Frunzele pot fi confundate cu cele ale unor plante comestibile din p\u0103dure.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>P\u0103r\u021bi periculoase:<\/strong> toat\u0103 planta, \u00een special fructele \u0219i r\u0103d\u0103cinile, con\u021bine alcaloizi tropanici (atropin\u0103, scopolamin\u0103, hiosciamin\u0103). C\u00e2teva fructe pot fi fatale pentru un copil.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Simptome de intoxica\u021bie:<\/strong> pupile dilatate, gur\u0103 uscat\u0103, tahicardie, halucina\u021bii, delir, confuzie, convulsii, com\u0103.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Precau\u021bii:<\/strong> nu consuma niciodat\u0103 fructe s\u0103lbatice negre dac\u0103 nu e\u0219ti absolut sigur de identitatea lor. M\u0103tr\u0103guna cre\u0219te adesea \u00een zone umbroase, perturbate, la marginea p\u0103durilor.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"cucuta\"><strong>2. Cucuta (Conium maculatum)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"905\" src=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/cucuta.png\" alt=\"cucuta - plante otr\u0103vitoare\" class=\"wp-image-42148\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/cucuta.png 1024w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/cucuta-300x265.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>Cucuta este una dintre cele mai cunoscute plante otr\u0103vitoare, fiind extrem de toxic\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Confuzie cu:<\/strong> p\u0103trunjel, morcov s\u0103lbatic, m\u0103rar, anason. Toate aceste plante apar\u021bin aceleia\u0219i familii (Apiaceae), iar frunzele \u0219i florile lor pot sem\u0103na.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>P\u0103r\u021bi periculoase:<\/strong> toat\u0103 planta este toxic\u0103, \u00een special semin\u021bele \u0219i r\u0103d\u0103cinile, care con\u021bin alcaloizi piperidinici, cel mai cunoscut fiind coniina.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Simptome de intoxica\u021bie:<\/strong> sl\u0103biciune muscular\u0103, dificult\u0103\u021bi de respira\u021bie, paralizie progresiv\u0103 care poate duce la deces prin asfixiere.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Precau\u021bii:<\/strong> nu culege niciodat\u0103 plante din familia Apiaceae dac\u0103 nu e\u0219ti 100% sigur de identificarea lor. O caracteristic\u0103 distinctiv\u0103 a cucutei este tulpina sa p\u0103tat\u0103 cu ro\u0219u-purpuriu \u0219i mirosul nepl\u0103cut, de \u0219oarece.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"maselarita\"><strong>3. M\u0103selari\u021ba (Hyoscyamus niger)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"870\" src=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/maselarita.png\" alt=\"m\u0103selari\u021ba\" class=\"wp-image-42149\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/maselarita.png 1024w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/maselarita-300x255.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>O alt\u0103 plant\u0103 extrem de toxic\u0103, care cre\u0219te adesea pe terenuri necultivate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Confuzie cu:<\/strong> spanac, salat\u0103 sau flori decorative. Frunzele sale pot fi confundate cu cele ale unor plante comestibile \u00eenainte de \u00eenflorire.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>P\u0103r\u021bi periculoase:<\/strong> toat\u0103 planta, \u00een special frunzele \u0219i semin\u021bele, con\u021bine alcaloizi tropanici precum hiosciamina \u0219i scopolamina.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Simptome de intoxica\u021bie:<\/strong> delir, halucina\u021bii, confuzie, tahicardie, gur\u0103 uscat\u0103, pupile dilatate. \u00cen cazuri severe, poate duce la com\u0103 \u0219i deces.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Precau\u021bii:<\/strong> M\u0103selari\u021ba are un miros nepl\u0103cut, specific. Evit\u0103 consumul de plante necunoscute cu frunze asem\u0103n\u0103toare spanacului, mai ales dac\u0103 prezint\u0103 peri\u0219ori glandulari \u0219i un aspect lipicios.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"brandusa\"><strong>4. Br\u00e2ndu\u015fa de toamn\u0103 (Colchicum autumnale)<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"814\" src=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/brandusa.png\" alt=\"br\u00e2ndu\u0219a de toamn\u0103 \" class=\"wp-image-42150\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/brandusa.png 1024w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/brandusa-300x238.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>O plant\u0103 frumoas\u0103, dar extrem de periculoas\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Confuzie cu:<\/strong> leurd\u0103 (Allium ursinum) sau \u0219ofran (Crocus sativus), \u00een special frunzele tinere, \u00eenainte de apari\u021bia florilor.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>P\u0103r\u021bi periculoase:<\/strong> toat\u0103 planta, dar \u00een special bulbul \u0219i semin\u021bele, con\u021bin colchicin\u0103, un alcaloid puternic toxic.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Simptome de intoxica\u021bie:<\/strong> arsur\u0103 \u00een gur\u0103 \u0219i g\u00e2t, grea\u021b\u0103, v\u0103rs\u0103turi severe, diaree hemoragic\u0103, deshidratare, insuficien\u021b\u0103 multipl\u0103 de organe, \u0219oc \u0219i deces. Simptomele pot ap\u0103rea la c\u00e2teva ore dup\u0103 ingestie.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Precau\u021bii:<\/strong> s\u0103 nu culegi niciodat\u0103 frunze de leurd\u0103 dec\u00e2t dac\u0103 e\u0219ti absolut sigur de identificarea plantei. Leurd\u0103 are un miros puternic de usturoi atunci c\u00e2nd frunzele sunt frecate, pe c\u00e2nd br\u00e2ndu\u0219a de toamn\u0103 nu are acest miros.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">De ce se folosesc unele dintre aceste plante \u00een preparatele naturiste<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Motivul principal pentru care plante extrem de toxice precum <strong>Cucuta<\/strong> (<em>Conium maculatum<\/em>) \u0219i <strong>M\u0103selari\u021ba<\/strong> (<em>Hyoscyamus niger<\/em>) pot fi men\u021bionate sau, \u00een trecut, chiar folosite \u00een produse naturiste (sau, mai corect spus, \u00een <strong>medicamente, \u00een farmacii<\/strong>) se bazeaz\u0103 pe principiul:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>1. Con\u021binutul de alcaloizi toxici<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Ambele plante con\u021bin compu\u0219i chimici puternici, \u00een special <strong>alcaloizi<\/strong>, care sunt foarte toxici \u00een cantit\u0103\u021bi mari, dar care pot avea efecte terapeutice \u00een doze foarte mici \u0219i controlate:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Cucuta (Conium maculatum):<\/strong> con\u021bine alcaloizi precum <strong>coniina<\/strong>, un neurotoxic extrem de puternic. Propriet\u0103\u021bile sale ar putea fi, teoretic, <strong>analgezice<\/strong> \u0219i <strong>antispastice<\/strong> datorit\u0103 efectului s\u0103u asupra sistemului nervos.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>M\u0103selari\u021ba (Hyoscyamus niger):<\/strong> con\u021bine alcaloizi tropanici precum <strong>hiosciamina<\/strong> \u0219i <strong>scopolamina<\/strong> (similar cu m\u0103tr\u0103guna). Ace\u0219ti alcaloizi au efecte puternice <strong>antispastice<\/strong> \u0219i <strong>sedative<\/strong>. \u00cen trecut (sau \u00een produse farmaceutice moderne sub strict control), extractele erau folosite pentru tratarea tusei spasmodice, a astmului sau ca sedativ.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>2. Controlul strict al dozei<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00cen produsele v\u00e2ndute legal, <strong>e<\/strong>xtractele sunt utilizate \u00een <strong>doze extrem de mici<\/strong>, adesea standardizate la concentra\u021bia de principii active. Cel mai frecvent, \u00een plafar se pot g\u0103si remedii pe baz\u0103 de aceste plante sub form\u0103 de preparate <strong>homeopate<\/strong>, care implic\u0103 dilu\u021bii succesive, p\u00e2n\u0103 c\u00e2nd substan\u021ba activ\u0103 original\u0103 este prezent\u0103 \u00een concentra\u021bii infinitezimale, ceea ce elimin\u0103 practic riscul toxicologic. (imagini generate cu Gemini)<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/ghiduri-agroland\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"200\" src=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Substrat-Universal-Agroland-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-23937\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Substrat-Universal-Agroland-1.png 500w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Substrat-Universal-Agroland-1-300x120.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/magazinele-noastre\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"409\" src=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Banner-adrese-magazine-1024x409.png\" alt=\"buton Adrese magazine agroland\" class=\"wp-image-23940\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Banner-adrese-magazine-1024x409.png 1024w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Banner-adrese-magazine-300x120.png 300w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Banner-adrese-magazine-768x307.png 768w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Banner-adrese-magazine-1000x400.png 1000w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Banner-adrese-magazine-500x200.png 500w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Banner-adrese-magazine.png 1183w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u0218tirea celor doi copii din Turda, care s-au otr\u0103vit dup\u0103 ce au m\u00e2ncat fructele uneia dintre cele mai otr\u0103vitoare plante a uimit Rom\u00e2nia. Un astfel de accident este posibil \u00een orice moment, pentru c\u0103 pu\u021bin\u0103 lume cunoa\u0219te cu adev\u0103rat care sunt plantele otr\u0103vitoare r\u0103sp\u00e2ndite \u00een natur\u0103.&nbsp; \u00cen Rom\u00e2nia exist\u0103 mai multe plante otr\u0103vitoare care pot&hellip; <a class=\"more-link\" href=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/plante-otravitoare-des-intalnite\/\">Continu\u0103 lectura <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Plante otr\u0103vitoare care pot fi confundate cu unele comestibile<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":27,"featured_media":42151,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_et_pb_use_builder":"off","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[39,103,40],"tags":[2562,2561,2560],"class_list":["post-42146","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","category-gradina-livada","category-specialistul-agroland","tag-cucuta","tag-matraguna","tag-plante-otravitoare","entry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/42146","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/27"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=42146"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/42146\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":42160,"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/42146\/revisions\/42160"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/42151"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=42146"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=42146"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=42146"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}