{"id":43418,"date":"2026-01-08T20:05:12","date_gmt":"2026-01-08T18:05:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/?p=43418"},"modified":"2026-01-08T20:20:58","modified_gmt":"2026-01-08T18:20:58","slug":"pregatirea-stupului-pentru-iarna","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/pregatirea-stupului-pentru-iarna\/","title":{"rendered":"Preg\u0103tirea stupului pentru iarn\u0103"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Preg\u0103tirea stupului pentru iarn\u0103 este una dintre cele mai importante etape din activitatea apicol\u0103. O iernare corect\u0103 face diferen\u021ba \u00eentre o familie puternic\u0103 \u00een prim\u0103var\u0103 \u0219i pierderi semnificative peste sezonul rece. Procesul \u00eencepe \u00eenc\u0103 din toamn\u0103 \u0219i presupune mai multe verific\u0103ri \u0219i interven\u021bii esen\u021biale.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"960\" height=\"640\" src=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/pregatirea-stupului-pentru-iarna.jpg\" alt=\"preg\u0103tirea stupului pentru iarn\u0103\" class=\"wp-image-43419\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/pregatirea-stupului-pentru-iarna.jpg 960w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/pregatirea-stupului-pentru-iarna-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/pregatirea-stupului-pentru-iarna-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/01\/pregatirea-stupului-pentru-iarna-500x333.jpg 500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><a href=\"#albine\">\u00cent\u0103rirea familiei de albine<\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"#izolare\">Izolarea \u0219i protec\u021bia stupului<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a href=\"#hrana\">Asigurarea rezervelor de hran\u0103<\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"#ventilatie\">Ventila\u021bia corect\u0103<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a href=\"#tratamente\">Tratamentele contra varroa<\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"#protectie\">Protec\u021bia \u00eempotriva d\u0103un\u0103torilor<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a href=\"#organizare\">Organizarea cuibului<\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"#verificari\">Ultimele verific\u0103ri<\/a> <\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"albine\">1. ? Evaluarea \u0219i \u00eent\u0103rirea familiei de albine<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Pentru iernare sunt potrivite doar familiile suficient de puternice. Familiile slabe se unesc \u00eentre ele sau cu unele mai puternice. Iernarea unei familii slabe duce, de regul\u0103, la pierderi. Pe m\u0103sur\u0103 ce temperaturile scad sub aproximativ 12\u00b0C, albinele se str\u00e2ng \u00eentr-un ghem compact \u00een interiorul stupului, de regul\u0103 \u00een jurul m\u0103tcii. Acest ghem are rolul de a conserva c\u0103ldura.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Albinele din interiorul ghemului produc c\u0103ldur\u0103 prin vibrarea mu\u0219chilor aripilor.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Cele de la exterior ac\u021bioneaz\u0103 ca un strat izolator.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Albinele \u00ee\u0219i schimb\u0103 periodic pozi\u021biile, pentru ca niciuna s\u0103 nu fie expus\u0103 prea mult la frig.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Ce trebuie urm\u0103rit:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>popula\u021bie numeroas\u0103 de albine tinere (albina de iarn\u0103);<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>matc\u0103 t\u00e2n\u0103r\u0103 \u0219i prolific\u0103;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>faguri bine ocupa\u021bi cu albine.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"hrana\">2. ? Asigurarea rezervelor de hran\u0103<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Hrana este factorul critic al iern\u0103rii. Pe timpul iernii, albinele se hr\u0103nesc exclusiv din rezervele de miere acumulate \u00een stup. Ele nu p\u0103r\u0103sesc stupul \u0219i consum\u0103 hrana treptat, pe m\u0103sur\u0103 ce ghemul se deplaseaz\u0103. Turtele de hr\u0103nire reprezint\u0103 un ajutor esen\u021bial \u00een preg\u0103tirea stupului pentru iarn\u0103, c\u00e2nd rezervele sunt insuficiente, prevenind \u00eenfometarea \u0219i sus\u021bin\u00e2nd supravie\u021buirea coloniei p\u00e2n\u0103 la prim\u0103var\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Recomand\u0103ri generale:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>12\u201318 kg de miere\/familie, \u00een func\u021bie de tipul stupului \u0219i zona climatic\u0103;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>mierea trebuie s\u0103 fie bine c\u0103p\u0103cit\u0103 \u0219i de bun\u0103 calitate (f\u0103r\u0103 miere de man\u0103, dac\u0103 este posibil);<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>fagurii cu miere se a\u0219az\u0103 compact, \u00een zona unde va sta ghemul.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Dac\u0103 rezervele sunt insuficiente:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>se administreaz\u0103 sirop de zah\u0103r (2:1) \u00een lunile august\u2013septembrie;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>spre final de toamn\u0103 se pot folosi<a href=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/apicultura\/2476-hrana-albine-turta-medopip-plus.html\"> turte solide de hran\u0103<\/a> pe care le g\u0103se\u0219ti \u00een comer\u021b.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"tratamente\"><strong>3. <\/strong><strong>? <\/strong><strong>Tratamentele contra varroa<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Infestarea cu Varroa destructor este una dintre cele mai grave probleme ale apiculturii. O infestare ridicat\u0103 cu Varroa destructor duce la pierderi masive \u00een timpul iernii. Parazitul se hr\u0103ne\u0219te cu \u021besuturile albinelor adulte \u0219i ale puietului, sl\u0103bind colonia, transmit\u00e2nd virusuri \u0219i reduc\u00e2nd durata de via\u021b\u0103 a albinelor. Netratat\u0103, varroa poate duce la colapsul familiei, inclusiv \u00een sezonul rece.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pa\u0219i esen\u021biali:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/apicultura\/2462-afumator-aantivaroua-varosan-standard.html\">aplicarea tratamentelor <\/a>dup\u0103 ultimul cules;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>verificarea eficien\u021bei tratamentului;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>repetarea tratamentelor, dac\u0103 este necesar, conform recomand\u0103rilor produsului.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"organizare\">4. ? Organizarea cuibului<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Preg\u0103tirea stupului pentru iarn\u0103 \u00eencepe cu restr\u00e2ngerea cuibului. Spa\u021biul excesiv favorizeaz\u0103 pierderile de c\u0103ldur\u0103 \u0219i consumul inutil de hran\u0103. Organizarea stupului presupune restr\u00e2ngerea cuibului, eliminarea ramelor necorespunz\u0103toare \u0219i a spa\u021biilor inutile, astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t albinele s\u0103 conserve c\u0103ldura, s\u0103 reduc\u0103 consumul de hran\u0103 \u0219i s\u0103 ierneze \u00een condi\u021bii optime.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ce se face:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>se scot fagurii goi sau cu miere pu\u021bin\u0103;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>se p\u0103streaz\u0103 doar fagurii bine cl\u0103di\u021bi, cu miere \u0219i p\u0103stur\u0103;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>fagurii se str\u00e2ng compact, astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t albinele s\u0103 poat\u0103 men\u021bine c\u0103ldura.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"izolare\">5. \u2744\ufe0f Izolarea \u0219i protec\u021bia stupului<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Izolarea ajut\u0103 la reducerea consumului de hran\u0103. Este important ca stupul s\u0103 fie bine aerisit, dar f\u0103r\u0103 curen\u021bi direc\u021bi de aer rece.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>M\u0103suri recomandate:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>izola\u021bie superioar\u0103 (perne, materiale izolatoare);<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>protejarea stupului de v\u00e2nt \u0219i curen\u021bi de aer;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>u\u0219oar\u0103 \u00eenclinare a stupului spre fa\u021b\u0103, pentru scurgerea condensului.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"ventilatie\">6. ?Ventila\u021bia corect\u0103<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Un exces de umiditate este mai periculos dec\u00e2t frigul. Condensul excesiv duce la mucegai \u0219i sl\u0103birea coloniei. Ventila\u021bia corect\u0103 \u00een stup previne condensul \u0219i umezeala excesiv\u0103, men\u021bine un microclimat s\u0103n\u0103tos \u0219i reduce riscul apari\u021biei mucegaiului, f\u0103r\u0103 a crea curen\u021bi reci care s\u0103 afecteze colonia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Recomand\u0103ri:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>urdini\u0219 redus, dar nu \u00eenchis complet;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>evitarea etan\u0219\u0103rii totale a stupului;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>folosirea fundurilor antivarroa sau a unor sisteme de ventila\u021bie controlat\u0103.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"protectie\">7. ? Protec\u021bia \u00eempotriva d\u0103un\u0103torilor<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Pe timpul iernii, stupii pot fi ataca\u021bi de \u0219oareci sau alte roz\u0103toare. Protec\u021bia \u00eempotriva d\u0103un\u0103torilor presupune montarea gratiilor la urdini\u0219, stabilizarea stupului \u0219i prevenirea accesului roz\u0103toarelor, care pot deranja ghemul de iernare \u0219i consuma rezervele de hran\u0103 ale albinelor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ce trebuie f\u0103cut:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>montarea <a href=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/apicultura\/2474-gratie-urdinis.html\">gratiilor la urdini\u0219<\/a>;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>verificarea suportului stupului;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>amplasarea stupilor la distan\u021b\u0103 de surse de roz\u0103toare.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"verificari\">8. \u2705 Ultimele verific\u0103ri \u00eenainte de iarn\u0103<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00cenainte de instalarea frigului:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>se verific\u0103 stabilitatea capacului;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>se asigur\u0103 c\u0103 stupul este bine fixat pe suport;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>se elimin\u0103 orice surs\u0103 de curent de aer.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Pe scurt<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00cen magazinele Agroland Mega \u0219i \u00een magazinul nostru online g\u0103se\u0219ti cele mai multe dintre <a href=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/412762-accesorii-apicultura\">accesoriile pentru stupi<\/a> de care ai nevoie. Preg\u0103tirea stupului pentru iarn\u0103 \u00eenseamn\u0103:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>albine s\u0103n\u0103toase,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>consum redus de hran\u0103,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>pierderi minime,<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>dezvoltare rapid\u0103 \u00een prim\u0103var\u0103.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Pe timpul iernii, obiectivul albinelor este unul singur: supravie\u021buirea coloniei. Nu se construiesc faguri, nu se culege nectar \u0219i nu se produce miere. Toat\u0103 energia este direc\u021bionat\u0103 spre conservarea resurselor \u0219i protejarea m\u0103tcii, astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t colonia s\u0103 fie suficient de puternic\u0103 pentru a se dezvolta rapid prim\u0103vara. <\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"200\" src=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Substrat-Universal-Agroland-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-23937\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Substrat-Universal-Agroland-1.png 500w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Substrat-Universal-Agroland-1-300x120.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/magazine-mega\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"409\" src=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Banner-adrese-magazine-1024x409.png\" alt=\"buton Adrese magazine agroland\" class=\"wp-image-23940\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Banner-adrese-magazine-1024x409.png 1024w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Banner-adrese-magazine-300x120.png 300w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Banner-adrese-magazine-768x307.png 768w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Banner-adrese-magazine-1000x400.png 1000w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Banner-adrese-magazine-500x200.png 500w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Banner-adrese-magazine.png 1183w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Afl\u0103 cum se face preg\u0103tirea stupului pentru iarn\u0103, \u00een vederea conserv\u0103rii resurselor \u0219i protejarea m\u0103tcii.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":27,"featured_media":43419,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_et_pb_use_builder":"off","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[39,1308,40],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-43418","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","category-apicultura","category-specialistul-agroland","entry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/43418","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/27"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=43418"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/43418\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":43426,"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/43418\/revisions\/43426"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/43419"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=43418"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=43418"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=43418"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}