{"id":44783,"date":"2026-05-13T21:05:18","date_gmt":"2026-05-13T18:05:18","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/?p=44783"},"modified":"2026-05-13T21:16:20","modified_gmt":"2026-05-13T18:16:20","slug":"temperatura-din-adapostul-puilor-de-o-zi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/temperatura-din-adapostul-puilor-de-o-zi\/","title":{"rendered":"Temperatura din\u00a0ad\u0103postul puilor de o zi"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Temperatura din ad\u0103postul puilor de o zi este factorul de mediu cu impactul cel mai imediat asupra ratei supravie\u021buirii. \u00cen primele ore de via\u021b\u0103, puii nu \u00ee\u0219i pot regla independent temperatura corporal\u0103 sunt dependen\u021bi integral de condi\u021biile termice ale ad\u0103postului pentru a-\u0219i men\u021bine homeostazia.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"960\" height=\"640\" src=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/temperatura-in-adapostul-puilor-de-o-zi.jpg\" alt=\"Temperatura din ad\u0103postul puilor de o zi \" class=\"wp-image-44784\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/temperatura-in-adapostul-puilor-de-o-zi.jpg 960w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/temperatura-in-adapostul-puilor-de-o-zi-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/temperatura-in-adapostul-puilor-de-o-zi-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/temperatura-in-adapostul-puilor-de-o-zi-500x333.jpg 500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td>32\u00b0C &#8211; 35\u00b0C<br>la populare,  zilele 1- 3<\/td><td>22\u00b0C<br>din s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2na 6<\/td><td>2\u00b0C \/ s\u0103pt.<br>reducere recomandat\u0103<\/td><td>60 &#8211; 70%<br>umiditate relativ\u0103 optim\u0103<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"#de-ce\">De ce este critic\u0103 temperatura \u00een primele zile?<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#valori\">Valorile de temperatur\u0103 pe s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2ni<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#semnale\">Semnale comportamentale &#8211; termometrul viu<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#sisteme\">Sisteme de \u00eenc\u0103lzire &#8211; tipuri \u0219i recomand\u0103ri<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"#temperatura\">Temperatura \u0219i umiditatea relativ\u0103<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#ventilatie\">Ventila\u021bia minim\u0103 \u00een perioadele reci<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#pregatire\">Preg\u0103tirea termic\u0103 a ad\u0103postului<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"#greseli\">Gre\u0219eli frecvente \u0219i avertiz\u0103ri<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"de-ce\">De ce este critic\u0103 temperatura din ad\u0103postul puilor de o zi \u00een primele zile?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Puii de o zi sunt\u00a0<strong>au mecanisme de termoreglare insuficient dezvoltate<\/strong>, <strong>mecanismul lor de termoreglare nu este pe deplin func\u021bional \u00een primele 10 &#8211; 14 zile de via\u021b\u0103<\/strong>. Stratul de puf nu ofer\u0103 suficient\u0103 izola\u021bie, iar musculatura slab dezvoltat\u0103 genereaz\u0103 c\u0103ldur\u0103 metabolic\u0103 insuficient\u0103. \u00cen consecin\u021b\u0103, temperatura corporal\u0103 a puilor urmeaz\u0103 \u00eendeaproape temperatura ambiental\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Temperatura intern\u0103 normal\u0103 a unui pui este de<\/strong>&nbsp;<strong>41\u201342\u00b0C<\/strong>. C\u00e2nd temperatura ad\u0103postului scade sub valorile recomandate, puiul consum\u0103 energie din furaj pentru a-\u0219i men\u021bine temperatura corporal\u0103 \u00een loc s\u0103 o foloseasc\u0103 pentru cre\u0219tere. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u25b6\ufe0f \u00cen\u00a0<strong>hipotermie<\/strong>, la <strong>temperatur\u0103 corporal\u0103 sub 39\u00b0C<\/strong>, imunitatea scade dramatic, peristaltismul intestinal se opre\u0219te, puii nu mai consum\u0103 furaj sau ap\u0103 \u0219i <strong>mortalitatea cre\u0219te exponen\u021bial<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u25b6\ufe0f \u00cen\u00a0<strong>hipertermie<\/strong>, la <strong>temperatur\u0103 ambiental\u0103 peste 37\u00b0C, puii g\u00e2f\u00e2ie, consumul de ap\u0103 explodeaz\u0103 iar cel de furaj scade<\/strong>, echilibrul electrolitic se perturb\u0103 \u0219i riscul de moarte subit\u0103 cardiac\u0103 cre\u0219te semnificativ. Fereastra termic\u0103 optim\u0103 este \u00eengust\u0103 \u0219i trebuie men\u021binut\u0103 cu precizie.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"valori\">Valorile de temperatur\u0103 pe s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2ni<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Temperatura din <a href=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/ghiduri-agroland-pregatirea-adapostului-recomandari-generale\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">ad\u0103postul puilor de o zi<\/a> se reduce progresiv pe m\u0103sur\u0103 ce puii se dezvolt\u0103 \u0219i capacitatea lor de termoreglare devine func\u021bional\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Reducerea standard este de aproximativ&nbsp;<strong>2\u20133\u00b0C pe s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2n\u0103<\/strong>, cu ajust\u0103ri \u00een func\u021bie de comportamentul efectivului, sezon \u0219i sistemul de \u00eenc\u0103lzire utilizat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Temperatura din ad\u0103post se m\u0103soar\u0103&nbsp;<strong>la nivelul puilor<\/strong>, <strong>la 5\u201310 cm \u00een\u0103l\u021bime fa\u021b\u0103 de podea<\/strong>, nu la nivelul senzorilor monta\u021bi pe perete sau la \u00een\u0103l\u021bimea omului, unde valorile pot diferi cu 2\u20135\u00b0C fa\u021b\u0103 de zona de via\u021b\u0103 a puilor.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"960\" height=\"570\" src=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/intensitatea-temperaturii-in-adapostul-puilor-de-o-zi.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-44785\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/intensitatea-temperaturii-in-adapostul-puilor-de-o-zi.jpg 960w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/intensitatea-temperaturii-in-adapostul-puilor-de-o-zi-300x178.jpg 300w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/intensitatea-temperaturii-in-adapostul-puilor-de-o-zi-768x456.jpg 768w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/05\/intensitatea-temperaturii-in-adapostul-puilor-de-o-zi-500x297.jpg 500w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 960px) 100vw, 960px\" \/><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u2139\ufe0f Temperatura la nivelul puilor vs. temperatura aerului din ad\u0103post<br>Exist\u0103 \u00eentotdeauna o diferen\u021b\u0103 \u00eentre temperatura afi\u0219at\u0103 de termostatul montat pe perete \u0219i temperatura efectiv\u0103 la nivelul puilor. Podeaua rece, curen\u021bii de aer \u0219i stratificarea termic\u0103 pot crea diferen\u021be de 3\u20136\u00b0C. Se recomand\u0103 utilizarea unui termometru de contact sau a unui termometru infraro\u0219u pentru verificarea temperaturii efective la nivelul podelei \u0219i la nivelul puilor, nu doar a senzorilor de ambient.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"semnale\">Semnale comportamentale sunt termometrul viu<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Comportamentul puilor este cel mai fidel \u0219i mai rapid indicator al confortului termic. Un cresc\u0103tor experimentat poate evalua temperatura din ad\u0103postul puilor de o zi <strong>observ\u00e2nd distribu\u021bia \u0219i postura puilor, f\u0103r\u0103 s\u0103 verifice termometrul<\/strong>. Aceast\u0103 metod\u0103 de diagnosticare vizual\u0103 trebuie practicat\u0103 la fiecare intrare \u00een ad\u0103post.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td>\ud83d\udd35 <strong>Prea frig<\/strong><br><em>Sub temperatura optim\u0103<\/em><\/td><td>\u2714\ufe0f <strong>Optim<\/strong><br><em>Temperatura corect\u0103<\/em><\/td><td>\ud83d\udd34 <strong>Prea cald<\/strong><br><em>Peste temperatura optim\u0103<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><br><strong>Pui aglomera\u021bi sub sursa de c\u0103ldur\u0103 sau \u00een zone centrale, evit\u00e2nd periferia. <\/strong><\/td><td><br><strong>Pui distribui\u021bi uniform pe toat\u0103 suprafa\u021ba ad\u0103postului, activi \u0219i lini\u0219ti\u021bi.<\/strong><\/td><td><br><strong>Pui dep\u0103rta\u021bi de sursa de c\u0103ldur\u0103, evit\u00e2nd zonele centrale, ap\u0103sa\u021bi de podea.<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u21d2 Gr\u0103mezi compacte de pui (piling)<br>\u21d2 Ciripire continu\u0103 \u0219i intens\u0103<br>\u21d2 Pene ridicate, corp ghemuit<br>\u21d2 Periferia ad\u0103postului goal\u0103<br>\u21d2 Consum de furaj sc\u0103zut, diaree<\/td><td>\u21d2 Distribu\u021bie uniform\u0103 \u00een tot ad\u0103postul<br>\u21d2 Ciripire lini\u0219tit\u0103, tonuri joase<br>\u21d2 Pui activi \u2014 m\u00e2nc\u00e2nd, b\u00e2nd, explor\u00e2nd<br>\u21d2 Pene netede, ochi vioi<br>\u21d2 Consum normal de furaj \u0219i ap\u0103<\/td><td>\u21d2 Pui \u00eentin\u0219i pe podea, g\u00e2f\u00e2ind<br>\u21d2 Aripi deschise, dep\u0103rtate de corp<br>\u21d2 Fug\u0103 spre pere\u021bi \u0219i zone periferice<br>\u21d2 Consum exagerat de ap\u0103<br>\u21d2 Furaj aproape neatins<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p>\u2713 Regula de aur: observ\u0103 \u00eenainte s\u0103 intri<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Distribu\u021bia puilor se evalueaz\u0103 cel mai bine din pragul u\u0219ii, \u00eenainte ca prezen\u021ba omului sau curentul de aer creat de deschiderea u\u0219ii s\u0103 perturbe comportamentul natural al efectivului. Se observ\u0103 cel pu\u021bin 30 de secunde \u00eenainte de a interveni \u00een ad\u0103post. Aceast\u0103 verificare vizual\u0103 trebuie efectuat\u0103 de minimum 3 &#8211; 4 ori pe zi \u00een prima s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2n\u0103.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"sisteme\">Sisteme de \u00eenc\u0103lzire pentru ad\u0103postul puilor de o zi<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Alegerea sistemului de \u00eenc\u0103lzire depinde de m\u0103rimea ad\u0103postului, combustibilul disponibil, investi\u021bia ini\u021bial\u0103 acceptat\u0103 \u0219i precizia de control necesar\u0103. Sistemele moderne permit reglare automat\u0103 prin termostate programabile, elimin\u00e2nd interven\u021biile manuale frecvente. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td>\u25b6\ufe0f <strong>Alternativ\u0103 recomandat\u0103<\/strong><br><em><a href=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/13-sisteme-de-incalzire\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">L\u0103mpi LED cu lumin\u0103 ro\u0219ie<\/a><\/em><\/td><td>\u25b6\ufe0f <strong>Recomandat<\/strong><br><em>Sisteme cu aer cald for\u021bat<\/em> <\/td><\/tr><tr><td>L\u0103mpi suspendate cu LED-uri \u00een spectrul ro\u0219u sau infraro\u0219u apropiat, cu putere 100\u2013250 W\/lamp\u0103. Ideale pentru ferme mici \u0219i gospod\u0103rii individuale.<\/td><td>Generatoare de aer cald cu arz\u0103toare pe gaz sau motorin\u0103, cu distribu\u021bie prin conduct\u0103 sau difuzoare. Standard \u00een fermele industriale.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\ud83d\udfe2 C\u0103ldur\u0103 localizat\u0103 direct la nivelul puilor cu eficien\u021b\u0103 ridicat\u0103<br>\ud83d\udfe2 Lumina ro\u0219ie reduce <a href=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/canibalismul-sau-ciugulirea-la-pasarile-de-curte\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">canibalismul \u0219i ciugulitul<\/a> \u00een efectiv<br>\ud83d\udfe2 Cost de investi\u021bie redus, instalare simpl\u0103, siguran\u021b\u0103 maxim\u0103<br><br>\ud83d\udd34 Nepotrivit pentru ad\u0103posturi mari f\u0103r\u0103 suplimentare<br>\ud83d\udd34 Durata de via\u021b\u0103 mai scurt\u0103 dec\u00e2t LED alb <\/td><td>\ud83d\udfe2 \u00cenc\u0103lzire rapid\u0103 \u0219i uniform\u0103 a \u00eentregului volum de aer<br>\ud83d\udfe2 Control precis al temperaturii prin termostate digitale<br>\ud83d\udfe2 Posibilitate de ventila\u021bie simultan\u0103 cu \u00eenc\u0103lzire<br><br>\ud83d\udd34 Cost de investi\u021bie ridicat<br>\ud83d\udd34 Necesit\u0103 revizie periodic\u0103 a arz\u0103toarelor<br><br><br><br><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\u25b6\ufe0f <strong>Recomandat<\/strong> <br><em>Radian\u021bi cu gaz<\/em><\/td><td>\u25b6\ufe0f <strong>Alternativ\u0103 bun\u0103<\/strong><br><em>Pardoseal\u0103 cald\u0103<\/em><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Panouri radiante suspendate la 1,5 &#8211; 2 m \u00een\u0103l\u021bime, care \u00eenc\u0103lzesc podeaua \u0219i puii prin radia\u021bie infraro\u0219ie, f\u0103r\u0103 a \u00eenc\u0103lzi excesiv aerul.<\/td><td>Sistem de \u021bevi cu ap\u0103 cald\u0103 sau cabluri electrice \u00eencorporate \u00een pardoseal\u0103. Asigur\u0103 c\u0103ldur\u0103 de jos \u00een sus, ideal\u0103 pentru puii mici.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td>\ud83d\udfe2 C\u0103ldur\u0103 direct\u0103 la nivelul puilor, eficien\u021b\u0103 ridicat\u0103<br>\ud83d\udfe2 Consum de gaz redus fa\u021b\u0103 de aerul cald for\u021bat<br>\ud83d\udfe2 Potrivit pentru ad\u0103posturi f\u0103r\u0103 izola\u021bie termic\u0103 bun\u0103<br><br>\ud83d\udd34 Temperatura aerului mai sc\u0103zut\u0103 dec\u00e2t la sol, din cauza stratific\u0103rii<br>\ud83d\udd34 Necesit\u0103 verificare periodic\u0103 a arz\u0103toarelor \u0219i a fl\u0103c\u0103rii<\/td><td>\ud83d\udfe2 C\u0103ldur\u0103 uniform\u0103 la nivelul a\u0219ternutului \u0219i al puilor<br>\ud83d\udfe2 Confort termic maxim \u2014 elimin\u0103 frigul de la podea<br><br>\ud83d\udd34 Cost ridicat de instalare<br>\ud83d\udd34 Reac\u021bie lent\u0103 la modific\u0103rile de temperatur\u0103 necesare<br>\ud83d\udd34 Sistem potrivit doar pentru hale de cre\u0219tere sau ad\u0103posturi mari<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"temperatura\">Temperatura \u0219i umiditatea relativ\u0103<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Temperatura nu ac\u021bioneaz\u0103 izolat, efectul ei asupra puilor este puternic modulat de&nbsp;<strong>umiditatea relativ\u0103 a aerului<\/strong>. Acela\u0219i nivel de temperatur\u0103 poate fi confortabil sau stresant \u00een func\u021bie de umiditate. Temperatura efectiv\u0103 resim\u021bit\u0103 de pui depinde de combina\u021bia dintre cei doi parametri.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Umiditatea relativ\u0103 optim\u0103 \u00een ad\u0103postul de pui este de&nbsp;60\u201370%&nbsp;\u00een primele zile<\/strong>, reduc\u00e2ndu-se treptat la 50\u201360% \u00een s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2nile 3\u20136. Valori extreme \u00een ambele direc\u021bii agraveaz\u0103 efectele temperaturii \u0219i cresc stresul termic al puilor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Umiditate prea ridicat\u0103 (&gt; 70%)<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Umiditate prea sc\u0103zut\u0103 (&lt; 40%)<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Cald + umed<\/em><br>Cea mai periculoas\u0103 combina\u021bie. Puii nu pot ceda c\u0103ldura prin evaporare. Stres termic sever, g\u00e2f\u00e2it intens, risc de moarte subit\u0103.<\/td><td><em>Deshidratare<\/em><br>Aerul uscat accelereaz\u0103 pierderea de ap\u0103 prin respira\u021bie. Puii se deshidrateaz\u0103 mai rapid, \u00een special \u00een primele 48 de ore dup\u0103 transport.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Rece + umed<\/em><br>Frigul umed scade temperatura corporal\u0103 mai rapid dec\u00e2t frigul uscat. Hipotermie, diaree, boli respiratorii. A\u0219ternutul devine rapid muceg\u0103it.<\/td><td><em>Praf excesiv<\/em><br>Asternut uscat genereaz\u0103 praf care irit\u0103 mucoasele respiratorii \u0219i oculare. Risc crescut de keratoconjunctivit\u0103 \u0219i bron\u0219ite.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><em>Amoniac crescut<\/em><br>Umiditatea ridicat\u0103 accelereaz\u0103 fermentarea excrementelor \u0219i produc\u021bia de amoniac \u2014 toxic pentru mucoasele respiratorii ale puilor.<\/td><td><em>Electroli\u021bi perturba\u021bi<\/em><br>Pierderea accelerat\u0103 de ap\u0103 perturb\u0103 echilibrul electrolitic \u0219i func\u021bionarea rinichilor. Consum de ap\u0103 crescut, posibil diaree de origine osmotic\u0103.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"ventilatie\">Ventila\u021bia minim\u0103 \u00een perioadele reci<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Ventila\u021bia \u0219i temperatura sunt \u00een conflict aparent \u00een sezonul rece: ventila\u021bia aduce aer rece din exterior, r\u0103cind ad\u0103postul, dar este indispensabil\u0103 pentru eliminarea amoniacului, CO\u2082, vaporilor de ap\u0103 \u0219i a prafului organic.&nbsp;<strong>Ventila\u021bia zero este interzis\u0103<\/strong>, chiar \u0219i iarna, un debit minim de aer proasp\u0103t trebuie men\u021binut permanent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Solu\u021bia este ventila\u021bia minim\u0103 controlat\u0103: debite mici de aer distribuite uniform, f\u0103r\u0103 curen\u021bi direc\u021bi asupra puilor, compensate termic de sistemul de \u00eenc\u0103lzire. Temperatura aerului intrat se re\u00eenc\u0103lze\u0219te rapid dac\u0103 distribu\u021bia este corect\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Curen\u021bii de aer direc\u021bi sunt mai periculo\u0219i dec\u00e2t temperatura sc\u0103zut\u0103<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Un curent de aer rece de numai 0,3 m\/s la temperatura de 28\u00b0C are acela\u0219i efect r\u0103citor asupra puilor ca o temperatur\u0103 ambiental\u0103 de 22\u00b0C f\u0103r\u0103 curen\u021bi. Gurile de ventila\u021bie nu trebuie s\u0103 direc\u021bioneze aerul rece direct asupra puilor. Aerul intrat trebuie s\u0103 se amestece cu cel cald \u00eenainte de a ajunge la nivelul podelei.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"pregatire\">Preg\u0103tirea termic\u0103 a ad\u0103postului<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Pornirea sistemului de \u00eenc\u0103lzire cu c\u00e2teva ore \u00eenainte de populare nu este suficient\u0103. Podeaua, asternutal \u0219i echipamentele din beton sau metal au o mas\u0103 termic\u0103 ridicat\u0103 \u0219i se \u00eenc\u0103lzesc lent. Un ad\u0103post care are aerul la 35\u00b0C, dar podeaua la 18\u00b0C este un ad\u0103post rece pentru puii de o zi.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u25b6\ufe0f<strong> Pornirea \u00eenc\u0103lzirii cu 48 ore \u00eenainte de populare<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Sistemul de \u00eenc\u0103lzire se porne\u0219te cu minimum 48 de ore \u00eenainte de sosirea puilor. Ad\u0103postul trebuie s\u0103 ating\u0103 temperatura \u021bint\u0103 (34\u201335\u00b0C la nivelul podelei) cu cel pu\u021bin 24 de ore \u00eenainte de populare, nu \u00een momentul popul\u0103rii. Scopul este ca \u00eentreaga mas\u0103 termic\u0103 a ad\u0103postului \u2014 podea, pere\u021bi, a\u0219ternut, echipamente \u2014 s\u0103 fie saturat\u0103 termic. <strong>Iarna, pentru ad\u0103posturi mari sau slab izolate, pornirea se face cu 72 de ore \u00eenainte.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u25b6\ufe0f<strong> Verificarea temperaturii asternutului<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Cu un termometru de contact sau infraro\u0219u se verific\u0103 temperatura la suprafa\u021ba asternutului \u00een minimum 5 puncte distribuite uniform \u00een ad\u0103post. Temperatura asternutului trebuie s\u0103 fie de minimum 30\u201332\u00b0C la populare. Un a\u0219ternut rece absoarbe c\u0103ldura corporal\u0103 a puilor chiar dac\u0103 temperatura aerului este corect\u0103.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u25b6\ufe0f <strong>Reglarea \u0219i testarea termostatelor<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Termostatele se calibreaz\u0103 compar\u00e2nd indica\u021biile lor cu un termometru de referin\u021b\u0103 calibrat. Diferen\u021bele de peste 1\u00b0C se corecteaz\u0103 \u00eenainte de populare. Termostatele digitale cu senzori externi plasa\u021bi la \u00een\u0103l\u021bimea puilor ofer\u0103 mai mult\u0103 precizie dec\u00e2t cele cu senzor intern sau montat pe perete la \u00een\u0103l\u021bimea omului.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Se testeaz\u0103 func\u021bionarea termostatelor: la atingerea temperaturii setate, \u00eenc\u0103lzirea trebuie s\u0103 se opreasc\u0103 automat \u0219i s\u0103 reporneasc\u0103 la sc\u0103derea cu 0,5\u20131\u00b0C.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u25b6\ufe0f <strong>Verificarea uniformit\u0103\u021bii termice \u00een tot ad\u0103postul<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Zonele din apropierea pere\u021bilor exteriori, col\u021burile \u0219i dreptul gurilor de ventila\u021bie sunt predispuse la temperaturi mai sc\u0103zute. Se m\u0103soar\u0103 temperatura \u00een aceste zone \u0219i se compar\u0103 cu zona central\u0103. O diferen\u021b\u0103 mai mare de 2\u00b0C \u00eentre zonele ad\u0103postului trebuie corectat\u0103 prin repozi\u021bionarea surselor de c\u0103ldur\u0103 sau prin ad\u0103ugarea de surse suplimentare \u00een zonele reci.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u25b6\ufe0f <strong>Pre-umezirea aerului dac\u0103 umiditatea este sub 50%<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00cen special iarna, aerul exterior uscat combinat cu \u00eenc\u0103lzirea poate reduce umiditatea relativ\u0103 \u00een ad\u0103post sub 40%. Se utilizeaz\u0103 umidificatoare cu pulverizare fin\u0103 sau se pulverizeaz\u0103 ap\u0103 pe a\u0219ternut \u00eenainte de populare pentru a aduce umiditatea la 60\u201370%. Puii de o zi deshidrata\u021bi dup\u0103 transport au nevoie de un mediu cu umiditate adecvat\u0103 pentru a-\u0219i recupera echilibrul hidric. <strong>Se verific\u0103 umiditatea relativ\u0103 cu un higrometru calibrat, nu prin estimare vizual\u0103 sau olfactiv\u0103.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"greseli\">Gre\u0219eli frecvente \u0219i avertiz\u0103ri<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Pornirea \u00eenc\u0103lzirii cu c\u00e2teva ore \u00eenainte de populare<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Citirea temperaturii pe un singur senzor<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Ad\u0103postul nu va atinge temperatura optim\u0103 \u00een toat\u0103 masa sa termic\u0103. Podeaua va r\u0103m\u00e2ne rece \u0219i puii vor suferi hipotermie de contact chiar dac\u0103 aerul este cald. Minim 48 ore \u00eenainte.<\/td><td>Un singur termometru montat pe perete nu reflect\u0103 temperatura efectiv\u0103 la nivelul puilor sau varia\u021biile din diferite zone ale ad\u0103postului. Se verific\u0103 minimum 3\u20135 puncte la populare.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Reducerea brusc\u0103 a temperaturii \u00eentre s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2ni<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Ignorarea comportamentului puilor \u0219i urm\u0103rirea exclusiv\u0103 a termometrului<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Temperatura nu se reduce brusc cu 5\u20136\u00b0C dintr-o dat\u0103. Reducerile trebuie s\u0103 fie treptate \u2014 maximum 2\u20133\u00b0C pe s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2n\u0103 \u2014 pentru a permite adaptarea fiziologic\u0103 a puilor f\u0103r\u0103 stres.<\/td><td>Termometrul indic\u0103 temperatura aerului, nu confortul termic real al puilor. Distribu\u021bia puilor \u00een ad\u0103post este mai relevant\u0103 dec\u00e2t orice valoare numeric\u0103. Termometrul se calibreaz\u0103, puii nu mint.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Oprirea complet\u0103 a ventila\u021biei pe timp de ger<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Neverificarea func\u021bion\u0103rii sistemului de siguran\u021b\u0103 termic\u0103<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td>Ventila\u021bia zero provoac\u0103 acumulare rapid\u0103 de CO\u2082, NH\u2083 \u0219i vapori de ap\u0103. Chiar la temperaturi externe de -15\u00b0C, un debit minim de aer proasp\u0103t trebuie men\u021binut, distribuit astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t s\u0103 nu creeze curen\u021bi direc\u021bi.<\/td><td>Termostatele de siguran\u021b\u0103, care opresc \u00eenc\u0103lzirea la dep\u0103\u0219irea temperaturii maxime, trebuie testate \u00eenainte de fiecare serie. O defec\u021biune a termostatului de siguran\u021b\u0103 poate provoca hipertermie fatal\u0103 \u00een c\u00e2teva ore.<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u2757 Aten\u021bie vara, la r\u0103cirea ad\u0103postului. Este la fel de important\u0103 ca \u00eenc\u0103lzirea<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p>Vara, temperatura \u00een ad\u0103posturi neventilate poate dep\u0103\u0219i 38 &#8211; 40\u00b0C, provoc\u00e2nd stres termic sever \u0219i mortalitate \u00een mas\u0103. Ventilatoarele de exhaust, cooling pad-urile cu evaporare, umbrirea acoperi\u0219ului \u0219i accesul la ap\u0103 rece sunt m\u0103suri esen\u021biale \u00een sezonul cald. Stresul termic de var\u0103 reduce consumul de furaj cu 10\u201320% \u0219i greutatea final\u0103 cu 50\u2013100g per pui.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"lista\">List\u0103 de verificare &#8211; temperatura<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Sistem de \u00eenc\u0103lzire pornit cu 48h \u00eenainte de populare<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Temperatura asternutului minim 30\u00b0C (verificare contact)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Umiditate relativ\u0103 60\u201370% verificat\u0103 cu higrometru<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Zona puilor liber\u0103 de curen\u021bi de aer rece<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Temperatura aerului 34\u201335\u00b0C la nivelul puilor (ziua 1)<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Comportament pui verificat vizual la 3h dup\u0103 populare<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Ventila\u021bie minim\u0103 func\u021bional\u0103 &#8211; f\u0103r\u0103 curen\u021bi direc\u021bi<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Uniformitate termic\u0103 verificat\u0103 \u00een min. 5 puncte<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity\"\/>\n\n\n\n<p>Surse de referin\u021b\u0103<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/sintact.ro\/legislatie\/jurnalul-oficial-ue\/directiva-2007-43-ce-28-iun-2007-de-stabilire-a-normelor-minime-de-79110461\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">Directiva 2007\/43\/CE <\/a>a Consiliului privind normele minime pentru protec\u021bia puilor destina\u021bi produc\u021biei de carne<br><a href=\"http:\/\/chrome-extension:\/\/efaidnbmnnnibpcajpcglclefindmkaj\/https:\/\/www.ansvsa.ro\/download\/ghiduri_-_toate\/ghid_bunastare_animala\/Ghidul-Crescatorului-protectia-si-bunastarea-puilor-de-carne.pdf\" rel=\"nofollow\">ANSVSA <\/a>\u2014 Ghid de bune practici pentru cre\u0219terea broilerilor \u00een sistem intensiv<br>Ross Broiler Management Manual \u2014 Temperature and Humidity Management, Aviagen, 2022<br>Cobb Broiler Management Guide \u2014 Environmental Management, Cobb-Vantress, 2022<br>Lott B.D., Donald J.O. \u2014 Air velocity and effective temperature as broiler management tools, Poultry Science, 2003<br>Yahav S. \u2014 Alleviating heat stress in domestic fowl: different approaches, World&#8217;s Poultry Science Journal, 2009<br>Dozier W.A. et al. \u2014 Broiler live performance and meat yield responses to tunnel ventilation, Poultry Science, 2006<br>Bura M. \u2014 Cre\u0219terea broilerilor. Ghid practic, Ed. Mirton, Timi\u0219oara<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full\"><a href=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/ghiduri-agroland-cresterea-pasarilor\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"200\" src=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Substrat-Universal-Agroland-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-23937\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Substrat-Universal-Agroland-1.png 500w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Substrat-Universal-Agroland-1-300x120.png 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><a href=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/magazinele-noastre\/\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"409\" src=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Banner-adrese-magazine-1024x409.png\" alt=\"buton Adrese magazine agroland\" class=\"wp-image-23940\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Banner-adrese-magazine-1024x409.png 1024w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Banner-adrese-magazine-300x120.png 300w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Banner-adrese-magazine-768x307.png 768w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Banner-adrese-magazine-1000x400.png 1000w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Banner-adrese-magazine-500x200.png 500w, https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/07\/Banner-adrese-magazine.png 1183w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Temperatura din ad\u0103postul puilor de o zi influen\u021beaz\u0103 direct rata de supravie\u021buire. Afl\u0103 temperatura corect\u0103 pentru fiecare s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2n\u0103 de via\u021b\u0103. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":31,"featured_media":44784,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_et_pb_use_builder":"off","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[39,112,40],"tags":[2647,2646],"class_list":["post-44783","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog","category-cresterea-pasarilor","category-specialistul-agroland","tag-adapostul-puilor-de-o-zi","tag-temperatura-din-adapostul-puilor-de-o-zi","entry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44783","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/31"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=44783"}],"version-history":[{"count":17,"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44783\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":44807,"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/44783\/revisions\/44807"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/44784"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=44783"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=44783"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/agroland.ro\/c\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=44783"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}